[1919] Vol. ii., S. S. Haldeman on linguistic ethnology; vol. iii., J. C. Nott and L. Agassiz on the unity of the human race; vol. v., Col. Whittlesey on ancient human remains in Ohio; vol. vi., J. L. Leconte on the California Indians; vol. xi., Whittlesey on ancient mining at Lake Superior; Morgan on Iroquois laws of descent; D. Wilson on a uniform type of the American crania; vol. xiii., Morgan on the bestowing of Indian names; vol. xvii., Whittlesey on the antiquity of man in America; W. De Haas on the archæology of the Mississippi Valley; W. H. Dall on the Alaska tribes; vol. xix., Dall on the Eskimo tongue, etc.
[1920] Abstracts of the Transactions prepared by J. W. Powell (Washington, 1879, etc.).
[1921] The student will find some general help, at least, from the publications of such as these: the Peabody Academy of Science (Salem, Mass.), Memoirs, 1869, etc.; Essex Institute (Salem, Mass.), Bulletin, 1869, and Proceedings, 1848, etc.; Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, Memoirs, 1810-16; Transactions, 1866, etc.; the Lyceum of Natural History, became in 1876 the New York Academy of Sciences, Annals, 1823, etc.; Proceedings, 1870, etc.; Transactions; the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Philadelphia, Proceedings; Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, Proceedings and Collections (Wilkes-Barre, Pa., 1884, etc.); the Cincinnati Society of Natural History, Journal and Proceedings, 1876; Indianapolis Academy of Sciences, Transactions, 1870, etc.; Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, Bulletin, 1870, and Transactions, 1870; Davenport (Iowa) Academy of Science, Proceedings, 1867; St. Louis Academy of Science, Transactions, 1856; Kansas Academy of Science, Transactions, 1872; California Academy of Sciences, Proceedings, 1854, etc., and Memoirs, 1868, etc.; Geographical Society of the Pacific, its official organ Kosmos,—not to name others.
In British America we may refer to the Natural History Society of Montreal, publishing The Canadian Naturalist, 1857, etc.; the Canadian Institute, Proceedings; the Royal Society of Canada, Proceedings; the Nova Scotia Institute of Natural Science, Proceedings and Transactions, 1867,—not to mention others; and among periodicals the Canadian Monthly, the Canadian Antiquarian, and the Canadian Journal.
[1922] The tendency of general periodicals to questions of this kind is manifest by the references in Poole’s Index, under such heads as American Antiquities, Anthropology, Archæology, Caves and Cave-dwellers, Ethnology, Lake Dwellings, Man, Mounds and Moundbuilders, Prehistoric Races, etc.
[1923] The history of its incipiency and progress can be gathered from the Reports of the Museum, with summaries in those numbered i., xi. and xix.
[1924] Cf. Waldo Higginson’s Memorials of the Class of 1833, Harvard College, p. 60, and the contemporary tributes from eminent associates noted in Poole’s Index, p. 1434.
[1925] The documentary history, by W. J. Rhees, of the Smithsonian Institution, forms vol. xvii. of its Miscellaneous Collections. Cf. J. Henry on its organization in the Proceedings of the Amer. Asso. for the Adv. of Science, vol. i. A Catalogue of the publications of the S. I. with an alphabetical index of articles, by William J. Rhees (Washington, 1882), constitutes no. 478 of its series.
The early management of the Smithsonian decided that the “knowledge” of its founder meant science, and from the start gave not a little attention to archæology as a science. When the Bureau of Ethnology became a part of the Institution, and its Reports included papers necessarily historical as well as archæological, the way was prepared for a broader meaning to the term “knowledge,” and as a significant recognition of the allied field of research the present government of the Smithsonian gave hearty concurrence to the act of Congress which in Dec., 1888, made also the American Historical Association, which had existed without incorporation since 1884, a section of the Smithsonian Institution.
[1926] Its mound explorations have been conducted by Cyrus Thomas; those among the Pueblos of the southwest by James Stevenson (d. 1888); while Major Powell himself has controlled personally the body of searchers in the linguistic fields (American Antiquarian, viii. 32). It would seem that its profession “to organize anthropological research” is not to its full extent true, since the physiological side of the subject seems to be left in Washington to the Army Medical Museum.