The original measures 12 × 15½ inches. Fac-similes of the original size or reduced, or other reproductions, will be found in Nordenskjöld’s Trois Cartes, and in his Studien; Malte Brun’s Annales des Voyages; Lelewel’s Moyen Age (ii. 169); Carter-Brown Catalogue (i. 211); Kohl’s Discovery of Maine, 97; Ruge’s Geschichte des Zeitalters der Entdeckungen, p. 27; Bancroft’s Central America, i. 81; Gay’s Pop. Hist. U. S., i. 84; Howley’s Ecclesiast. Hist. Newfoundland, p. 45; Erizzo’s Le Scoperte Artiche (Venice, 1855),—not to name others.
With these allowances the map does not seem to be very exceptional in any feature. It is connected with northwestern Europe in just the manner appertaining to several of the earlier maps. Its shape is no great improvement on the map of 1467, found at Warsaw. There was then no such constancy in the placing of mid-sea islands in maps, to interdict the random location of other islands at the cartographer’s will, without disturbing what at that day would have been deemed geographical probabilities, and there was all the necessary warranty in existing maps for the most wilfully depicted archipelago. The early Portuguese charts, not to name others, gave sufficient warrant for land where Estotiland and Drogeo appear.
THE PTOLEMY ALTERATION (1561, etc.) OF THE ZENO MAP.
Mention has already been made of the changes in this map, which the editors of the Ptolemy of 1561 made in severing Greenland from Europe, when they reëngraved it.[777] The same edition contained a map of “Schonlandia,” in which it seems to be doubtful if the land which stands for Greenland does, or does not, connect with the Scandinavian main.[778] That Greenland was an island seems now to have become the prevalent opinion, and it was enforced by the maps of Mercator (1569 and 1587), Ortelius (1570, 1575), and Gallæus (1585), which placed it lying mainly east and west between the Scandinavian north and the Labrador coast, which it was now the fashion to call Estotiland. In its shape it closely resembled the Zeni outline. Another feature of these maps was the placing of another but smaller island west of “Groenlant,” which was called “Grocland,” and which seems to be simply a reduplication of the larger island by some geographical confusion,[779] which once started was easily seized upon to help fill out the arctic spaces.[780]
SEPTENTRIONALES REGIONES.
From Theatri orbis Terrarum Enchiridion, per Phillipum Gallæum, et per Hugonem Favolium (Antwerp, 1585).