Forbiger, Handbuch der alten Geographie (Hamburg, 1877), compiled on a peculiar method, which is often very sensible. He first analyzes and condenses the works of each writer, and then sums up the opinions on each country and phase of the subject.
Vivien de St. Martin, Histoire de la Géographie (Paris, 1873).
Peschel, Geschichte der Erdkunde (2d ed., by S. Ruge, München, 1877). Perhaps reference is not out of place also to P. F. J. Gosselin’s Géographie des Grecs analysée, ou les Systèmes d’Eratosthenes, de Strabon et de Ptolémée, comparés entre eux et avec nos connaissances modernes (Paris, 1790); and his later Recherches sur la Geographie systématique et positive des anciens (1797-1813).
Cf. Hugo Berger, Geschichte der wiss. Erdkunde der Griechen (Leipzig, 1887).
[349] Geschichte der Griechischen Philosophie (Tübingen, 1856-62).
[350] Sir George Cornwall Lewis, Historical Survey of the Astronomy of the Ancients (London, 1862).
Theodore Henri Martin, whose numerous papers are condensed in the article on “Astronomie” in Daremberg and Saglio’s Dictionnaire de l’Antiquité. Some of the more important distinct papers of Martin appeared in the Mém. Acad. Inscrip. et Belles Lettres.
[351] See Cellarius, Notit. orb. antiq. i. ch. 2, de rotunditate terrae. See also Günther, Aeltere und neuere Hypothese ueber die chronische Versetzung des Erdschwerpunktes durch Wassermassen (Halle, 1878).
[352] De Natura Rerum.
[353] See ante, p. 31. In the second century St. Clement spoke of the “Ocean impassible to man, and the worlds beyond it.” 1st Epist. to Corinth. ch. 20. (Apostolic Fathers, Edinb. 1870, p. 22.)