Weld, Travels through the States of North America, 1795-97, London, 1799.
In fiction reference may be made to De Foe’s Captain Jack; Paulding’s Sketches; Kennedy’s Swallow Barn; Miss Wormley’s Cousin Veronica; and Thackeray’s Virginians.
[704] All the country of which North and South Carolina form a part was known for a long time by the name of Florida, a name given by early Spanish explorers. The English, after the settlement of Virginia, called the region in that direction South Virginia. From 1629, in the reign of Charles I., the name Carolana (as in Heath’s claim), and at times Carolina, began to be used (see S. C. Hist. Soc. Coll., i. p. 200). At length, when the new charter was obtained, the name as it now stands was definitely applied to the region granted to the Proprietors. If they had wished, they could have adopted some other name. It happened that the fort built by the French in Florida was called in Latin “arx Carolina”; a Charles fort was also built by them in what is now South Carolina,—both so named in honor of Charles IX. of France; yet they did not apply the name to the territory, which they continued to call Florida. Gov. Glen in his Description of South Carolina (1761) says: “The name Carolina, still retained by the English, is generally thought to have been derived from Charles the Ninth of France, in whose reign Admiral Coligny made some settlements on the Florida coast.”
[705] Clarendon was the companion of Charles II. in his exile, and rendered great service in his restoration. We all know the services of General Monk (preëminently the restorer of the king), afterwards created Duke of Albemarle. Sir George Carteret, governor of the Isle of Jersey, opposed Cromwell, and gave refuge to Charles, the Duke of York, the Earl of Clarendon, and others. Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper (Earl of Shaftesbury) was particularly commended to the king by General Monk as one of the council, and his abilities raised him to the chancellor-ship. Sir John Colleton had impoverished himself in the royal cause; and after Cromwell’s success retired to Barbadoes, till the Restoration. Lord Berkeley had faithfully followed Charles in his exile; and his brother, Sir William, as governor of Virginia, caused that colony to adhere to the king, as their rightful sovereign. The Earl of Craven was of the Privy Council, and held a military command under the king. For authorities, see Sketch of the Hist. of S. C., p. 64.
[706] N. Carolina, Abstracts of Records, etc., p. 2. In the letter of the Proprietors, 8th September, it is said the patent was “granted in the 5th year of King Charles I.” A subsequent copy, under the Great Seal, bears date August 4, 1631.
[707] Letter of the Lords Proprietors to Sir William Berkeley, September 8, 1663.
[708] He was commissioned by the Proprietors in 1664.
[709] For the prosperous state of Barbadoes, see Martin’s Brit. Colonies, ii. pp. 324-328.
[710] Abstracts, etc., North Carolina, p. 4.
[711] January 7, 1664-5. “Minute: although the county of Clarendon, etc., be, for the present, under the government of Sir J. Yeamans, yet it is purposed that a part of it, south and west of Cape Romania, shall be a distinct government and be called Craven County.” Abstracts, Coll. S. C. Hist. Soc., i. p. 97.