[1130] This was now Fort Cumberland. There is a drawn plan of it noted in the Catal. of the King’s Maps (Brit. Mus.), i. 282. Parkman (i. 200) describes it. The Sparks Catal., p. 207, notes a sketch of the “Situation of Fort Cumberland,” drawn by Washington, July, 1755.
[1131] Sargent summarizes the points that are known relative to the unfortunate management of the Indians which deprived Braddock of their services. Sargent, pp. 168, 310; Penna. Archives, ii. 259, 308, 316, 318, 321; vi. 130, 134, 140, 146, 189, 218, 257, 353, 398, 443; Penna. Col. Rec., vi. 375, 397, 460; Olden Time, ii. 238; Sparks’ Franklin, i. 189; Penna. Mag. of History, Oct., 1885, p. 334. Braddock had promised to receive the Indians kindly. Penna. Archives, ii. 290.
[1132] Two other officers, as well as Washington, were destined to later fame,—Daniel Morgan, who was a wagoner, and Horatio Gates, who led an independent company from New York.
[1133] There is an engraving of Beaujeu in Shea’s Charlevoix, iv. 63; and in Shea’s ed. of the Relation diverses sur la bataille du Malangueulé, N. Y., 1860, in which that editor aims to establish for Beaujeu the important share in the French attack which is not always recognized, as he thinks. Cf. Hist. Mag., vii. 265; and the account of Beaujeu by Shea, in the Penna. Mag. of Hist., 1884, p. 121. Cf. also “La famille de Beaujeu,” in Daniel’s Nos gloires nationales, i. 131.
[1134] The annexed plan of the field is from a contemporary MS. in Harvard College library. See Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc., xvii. p. 118 (1879).
Parkman (Montcalm and Wolfe, i. 214) reproduces two plans of the fight: one representing the disposition of the line of march at the moment of attack; the other, the situation when the British were thrown into confusion and abandoned their guns. The originals of these plans accompany a letter of Shirley to Robinson, Nov. 5, 1755, and are preserved in the Public Record Office, in the volume America and West Indies, lxxxii. They were drawn at Shirley’s request by Patrick Mackellar, chief engineer, who was with Gage in the advance column. Parkman says: “They were examined and fully approved by the chief surviving officers, and they closely correspond with another plan made by the aide-de-camp Orme,—which, however, shows only the beginning of the affair.” This plan of Orme is the last in a series of six plans, engraved in 1758 by Jefferys (Thomson, Bibliog. of Ohio, no. 107; Sabin, ii. no. 7,212), and used by him in his General Topography of North America and the West Indies, London, 1768. There is a set of them, also, in the Sparks MSS., in Harvard Coll. library, vol. xxviii.
These six plans are all reproduced in connection with Orme’s Journal, in Sargent’s Braddock’s Expedition. They are:—
I. Map of the country between Will’s Creek and Monongahela River, showing the route and encampments of the English army.
II. Distribution of the advanced party (400 men).
III. Line of march of the detachment from Little Meadows.