[199] For the movements in Boston, see Frothingham's "Sam. Adams's Regiments" in the Atlantic Monthly, June and Aug., 1867, and Nov., 1863. The letter of the town to Dennis Deberdt, the London agent, sets forth their side of the case (Mem. Hist. Boston, iii. 29). John Mein, the Boston printer, one of the proscribed, published his State of the importation of Great Britain with the port of Boston from Jan. to Aug., 1768, to show that his assailants were also importers (Stevens's Hist. Coll., i. no. 393; Quaritch, 1885, no. 29,618). There is one of the agreements among the Boston merchants, Aug. 14, 1769, in Misc. MSS., 1632-1795, in Mass. Hist. Soc. cabinet. Samuel Cooper tells Franklin how the agreements are adhered to (Sparks's Franklin, vii. 448). Moore, Songs and Ballads of the Rev., p. 48, gives some verses from the Boston Newsletter, urging the "daughters of liberty" to lend their influence in this direction. In the early part of 1770 the movement seemed to be vigorous (Mem. Hist. Boston, iii. 150; cf. papers of Cushing, Hancock, and others, in Letters and Papers, 1761-1776, in Mass. Hist Soc. cabinet). Late in the year Hutchinson could write: "The confederacy in all the governments against importing seemed in the latter end of the summer to be breaking to pieces" (P. O. Hutchinson, i. 24). For such matters in Philadelphia, see Scharf and Westcott's Philadelphia; Franklin (Sparks), vii. 445; (Bigelow), ii. 39. In Delaware, see Life of George Read, 82. In Charlestown (S. C.) there was a controversy over the non-importation association, in which Christopher Gadsden and John Mackenzie supported the movement, and W. H. Drayton and William Wragg opposed it. These letters, which appeared in Timothy's S. C. Gazette, June-Dec., 1769, were issued together in The letters of Freeman, etc. ([London], 1771, Brinley, no. 3,976).
[200] Thornton, Pulpit of the Rev., 150. It is printed in the Penna. Archives, 1st ser., iv. 286, and N. Jersey Archives, x. 14.
[201] New Jersey Archives, x. 14.
[202] New Jersey Archives, x. 21. Cf. William E. Foster on the development of colonial coöperation, 1754-1774,—a chapter in his Stephen Hopkins, vol. ii. A symbol, common at this time, of a disjointed snake, the head representing New England, and the other fragments standing for the remaining colonies, and accompanied by the motto "Join or Die", seems to have first appeared in The Constitutional Courant, no. 1, Sept. 21, 1765, and was used later by the Boston Evening Post. Cf. Mag. of Amer. Hist., Nov., 1882, p. 768; 1883, p. 213; and Preble's Hist. of the Amer. Flag.
[203] Hutchinson's side of the story is in his History, iii. 189. At a large town meeting, over which Otis presided, and at which no direct reference was made to the riots, the people recapitulated grievances, and petitioned (Rec. Com. Rept., xvi. 254) the governor to order the "Romney" away from the harbor. Hutchinson (iii. App. J and K) prints the address and the instructions which were given to their representatives. (Cf. John Adams's Works, iii. 501.) The examination of Robert Hallowell, controller of the port, is in the Lee MSS. (H. C. library), i. no. 40.. Johnson (Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., xlix. 301) speaks of the effect in England. See the general historians, and also special reports in N. E. Hist. and Geneal. Reg., 1868, p. 402; 1869, p. 452; and also 1883, p. 404, for Hancock's spirit of challenge in naming a sloop, the next year, the "Rising Liberty."
[204] Caruthers's Life of Dr. Caldwell; Foote's Sketches of No. Carolina; Martin's Hist. of No. Carolina; a paper by Francis L. Hawks in Revolutionary Hist. of No. Carolina, ed. by W. D. Cooke (Raleigh and New York, 1853), which has a sketch of the "Battle of Alamance;" papers by David L. Swain in the University Magazine (Chapel Hill, N. C.); J. H. Wheeler's Reminiscences and Memoirs of No. Carolina (1884); Southern Literary Messenger, xi. 144, 231. Cf. also Lossing's Field-Book of the Rev., ii. 577, and Jones's New York during the Rev., ii. 5; and a paper on James Few, "the first American anarchist", in Mag. of Amer. Hist., Nov., 1886.
[205] A Fan for Fanning and a Touchstone for Tryon, containing an impartial account of the rise and progress of the so much talked of Regulation in North Carolina, by Regulus (Brinley, ii. no 3,866). They had organized for the purpose of "regulating public grievances." Such, at least, was their profession.
[206] An impartial relation of the first rise and cause of the recent differences in public affairs in North Carolina, and of the past tumults and riots that lately happened in that province.... Printed for the Compiler, 1770 (Carter-Brown, iii. no. 1,744).
[207] Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania to the inhabitants of the British Colonies (Philad., Boston, New York, 1768). They originally appeared in twelve numbers in the Penna. Chronicle and Universal Advertiser, between Dec. 2, 1767, and Feb. 15, 1768. When reprinted in London (1768) Franklin added a preface, and they were again printed there in 1774. (Cf. Sparks's Franklin, i. 316; iv. 256; vii. 391, x. 433; Bigelow's Franklin, i. 566; Sabin, v. nos. 20,044-20,052; Haven, p. 594; Carter-Brown, iii. 1,620, 1,621.) They are included in Dickinson's Political Writings (Wilmington, 1801, vol. ii.). Lecky (iii. 419) calls these letters "one of the ablest statements of the American case." Cf. Frothingham's Rise of the Republic, p. 208, and Shea's Hamilton, p. 255. For Boston's letter of gratitude to Dickinson, see Record Com. Rept., xvi. p. 243. Lecky (iii. 320, 348) thinks the ablest presentation of the case against the colonies is The Controversy between Great Britain and her Colonies (London, 1769; Boston, 1769), written to offset the Farmer's Letters. Bancroft says that Grenville himself wrote the constitutional argument in it, and the Board of Trade furnished the material. The pamphlet itself is usually ascribed to William Knox, the Under-Secretary of State, though the names of Whately, Israel Mauduit, and John Mein have been sometimes preferred. (Cf. Carter-Brown, iii. no. 1,666; Sabin, x. p. 532.)
[208] The True Sentiments of America contained in a Collection of Letters sent from the House of Representatives of the Province of Massachusetts Bay to several persons of high rank in this kingdom. Together with certain papers relating to a supposed Libel on the Governor of that Province and a Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law (London, 1768). The volume includes the petition to the king of Jan. 20, 1768; the letter of Jan. 12, 1768, to Dennis Deberdt; letters to Shelburne, Conway, Camden, Chatham, and others,—most of these papers being written by Sam. Adams; Joseph Warren's attack on Bernard, from the Boston Gazette and the Dissertation on the Canon and Feudal Law, attributed here to Jeremy Gridley, but written in fact by John Adams (Sabin, viii. 32,551; Brinley, ii. 4,163 Menzies, 946; Carter-Brown, iii. 1,603. Cf. John Adams's Works, x. 367).