[306] A friendly address to all reasonable Americans on our political confusions (New York, 1774; America, 1774; Lond., 1774; Dublin, 1775; abridged, New York, 1774. Sabin, iv. 16,587-8). A copy with the author's MS. corrections was sold at Bangs's, N. Y., Feb., 1854, no. 178. The resulting tracts are: The other side of the question, or a defence of the liberties of No. America, in answer to a late Friendly Address (N. Y., 1774; Boston, 1775). By Philip Livingston. Strictures on a pamphlet entitled a Friendly Address (N. Y., 1774; Philad., 1774; Boston, 1775). This is by Charles Lee, and is reprinted in the Charles Lee Papers, in N. Y. Hist. Soc. Coll., 1871, p. 151. The strictures on the Friendly Address examined and a refutation of its principles attempted (Philad., 1775, two editions). This is sometimes ascribed to Thomas B. Chandler, and sometimes to Lieut. Henry Barry. Cooper also printed The American querist, or some questions proposed relative to the present disputes between Great Britain and her American colonies (N. Y., 1774; Boston, 1774; London, 1775,—Sabin, iv. 16,586).
[307] It is printed in Almon's Prior Documents (1777), with Franklin's name, and Sparks includes it in his edition of Franklin (iv. 466). Lee is also said to have had a main hand, aided by Franklin, in An appeal to the justice and interests of the people of Great Britain in the present dispute with America (London, 1774). Cf. Sparks's Franklin, iv. 409. Another tract ascribed at the time to Franklin was really written by James Wilson, namely, Considerations on the nature and extent of the legislative authority of the British parliament Philad., 1774. Cf, Sparks's Franklin, iv. 409.
[308] Philad. and London, 1774; included in Political Writings of Dickinson (Wilmington, 1801, vol. i.), and in Penna. Archives, 2d ser., iii. 560. Cf. Hist. Mag., x. 288. Governor Bernard briefly set forth his view of The Causes of the present distractions in America (1774), and also gathered certain letters written from Boston in 1763-68, and published them as Select letters on the trade and government of America (London, 1774,—Sabin, ii. 4,920, 4,925). The government printed a Report of the Lords' Committee, appointed to inquire into the several proceedings in the colony of Mass. Bay, in opposition to the sovereignty of his Majesty (London, 1774). Granville Sharp's Declaration of the people's natural right to a share in the legislature, issued in London (1774), was reprinted in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia (Haven in Thomas, ii. p. 650).
[309] Cf., for instance, the letters of the king to Dartmouth, in the Dartmouth Papers (Hist. MSS. Com. Rept., ii.); proceedings in Parliament given in Force, 4th ser., i. 5, and in Niles's Principles, etc.; Hutchinson's diary, including his interview with the king (P. O. Hutchinson, i. p. 157) and talks with Pownall (p. 251); the picture of Fox and Barré in debates in Smyth's Lectures (ii. 386), and such more general accounts as those in Frothingham's Rise, etc. (p. 344), Bancroft's United States (vii. 173, 186, 194), Parton's Franklin (ii. 5), and papers by T. H. Pattison in the New Englander (xl. 571), and Winthrop Sargent in the No. Amer. Rev., lxxx. p. 236. The letters of Franklin (Works, iv.) add much, and the influence and speeches of Chatham bring him into prominence.
[310] Dawson's Westchester, 48, 50, 60, where the authorities of the diverse views are cited. Its sessions closed April 3d, and it was the last Assembly under the royal order. Its proceedings are in Jones's New York during the Rev., i. 506. Within a month a general association was signed (April 29th) in New York of the opposers of government (Jones, i. 505). The proceedings of the New York and Elizabethtown committee of observation, relating to infractions of the non-importation agreements, are in the N. Jersey Archives, x. 561. The records of the provincial congress (which followed) are at Albany, and are partly printed in Force. The Sparks MSS. (no. xxxvii.) show extracts, 1775-78. (Cf. Dawson, 91. Cf. Hamilton's Repub. of the U. S., i. ch. 3; Reed's Jos. Reed, i.93.) As soon as Governor Tryon discovered the temper of the Continental Congress he sought safety on board a man-of-war in the harbor (Ibid., 118), and later in the year (Dec. 4th) he addressed a letter to the people of the province, urging the adoption of plans of reconciliation (Ibid., 141).
[311] Henry was a character of which, as time goes on, there is an appreciating estimate. His grandson, William Wirt Henry, is preparing an extended memoir, having already sketched his career in the Hist. Mag., xii. 90, 368, xxii. 272, 346; Penna. Mag. of Hist., p. 78. Professor Moses Coit Tyler has embodied new material in his Patrick Henry of the "American Statesmen Series." Cf. Frothingham's Rise, etc., 179; Mahon, v. 89; and references in Poole's Index. For contemporary judgments, see John Adams's Works, i. 208, x. 277; and Jefferson's letter in Hist. Mag., Aug., 1867, and comments in Ibid., Dec., 1867. Alexander Johnston, in his Representative American Orations (vol. i.), selects Henry's speech in the House of Delegates, March 28, 1775, as the leading specimen of Revolutionary oratory. The usual portrait of Patrick Henry is the one by Sully, representing him with his spectacles raised upon his forehead. It was engraved by W. S. Leney in 1817. There is a woodcut in Lossing's Field-Book, ii. 439. His is one of the portraits in Independence Hall. On the class rank of the leading agitators in Virginia, compare Rives's Madison, i. 71; Grigsby on The Virginia Convention of 1776; and John Tyler's Address at Jamestown, May, 1857.
[312] Journals of Congress, i. 40.
[313] Cf. verses "Loyal York" from Rivington's Gazetteer, in Moore's Songs and Ballads, 74.
[314] Sparks's Washington, iii. 37. For Hancock's character, see Wells's Sam. Adams, an unfavorable view. Cf. also Sanderson's Signers of the Decl. of Ind.; Loring's Hundred Boston Orators; C. W. Upham's speech in the Mass. Legislature, March 17, 1859, on the bill for preserving the Hancock House. Hancock's correspondence as president of Congress is in Force, 4th ser., v.; 5th ser., i., ii., iii.
[315] Cf. ed. in 13 vols. Also see List of delegates, with journal of their proceedings from May 10 to July 31, 1775 (Philad., 1775,—Sabin, x. 41,447). Extracts from the votes, etc., were printed in New York; and their Journal in Philad. and New York (Haven in Thomas, ii. 656). There are notes on the debates in John Adams's Works, ii. 445. Cf. Elliot's Debates, i. 45. A fac-simile of the minutes for Dec. 26, 1775, signed by Chas. Thomson, is given in J. J. Smith's Hist. and Lit. Curios., 2d ser., p. xiii. The several publications of the Congress (included also in their Journals) are as follows:—Declaration by the representatives of the United Colonies ... setting forth the causes and necessity of taking up arms (Philad., Watertown, Newport, 1775; London, 1775,—Sabin, iv. 15,522). Cf. L. H. Porter's Outlines of the Const. Hist. of the U. S., p. 38.