[927] Wallace's Col. Wm. Bradford, the patriot printer of 1776 (Philad., 1884), ch. 30; Bancroft, ix. ch. 25.
[928] Local details are in Smith's Delaware County, p. 289. Washington was opposed to trying to match an inferior navy with the British (Wallace, p. 271), and Wallace weighs the advantages (p. 296). There are some current observations in Adams's Familiar Letters, p. 257. The ultimate destruction and scuttling of the American vessels is described by Wallace (p. 247), referring in connection to the Universal Mag., vol. lxii. Cf. Hist. Mag., iii. 201. The principal loss of the British fleet was the blowing up of the frigate "Augusta" (Wallace, P. 187; United Service, May, 1883, p. 459).
[929] For other contemporary records see 2 Penna. Archives, v.; Moore's Diary, 514; Pickering's in Life of Pickering, i. 174; Joseph Reed's letter, Oct. 24, to President Wharton (cf. Reed's Reed, i. 336); Jones (i. 193) gives the accredited British reports. The best later narrative is in Wallace's Bradford (p. 183). Cf. Bancroft, ix. 430; Smith's Delaware County, p. 321.
[930] Varnum's and Angell's letters in Cowell's Spirit of '76 in R. I., 296; Col. Laurens' diary in the Army papers of Col. John Laurens, p. 74, and his letter to Henry Laurens in Moore's Laurens Correspondence (1861), p. 63; Major Fleury's diary in Marshall and in Sparks (v. 154); Robert Morton's diary in Penna. Mag. of Hist. (i. 28); Bradford's letter in Force (vi. p. 11). The story as given in the United States Mag., May, 1779 (p. 204), used by Bancroft (ix. 434), is reprinted in the Penna. Mag. Hist., App. 1887, p. 82. Moore (Diary, i. 520) reprints the account in the N. Jersey Gazette. Washington's instructions and his report to Congress are in Sparks (v. 100, 112, 115, 151, 154; Dawson, i. 364).
Other details are found in Sparks's Corresp. of the Rev., ii. 3, 7, 12, 18, 20, 42; Penna. Archives, v. and vi.; Chastellux's Travels, Eng. tr., i. 260; Hist. Mag., xxi. 77; Tuckerman's Com. Talbot; Hamilton's Repub. U. S., i. 297; Life of Pickering, i. 174; Greene's Greene, i. 501; Potter's Amer. Monthly, Feb., 1877.
[931] There is some confusion in the accounts of the grounds given for the defence (Arnold's Rhode Island, ii. 410).
[932] Pickering's Journal in his Life (i. 180); Knox's letters in Drake's Knox, 135, and in Leake's Lamb, 192; the account in Williams's Olney; and further in Gordon, Marshall (i. 178), Henry Lee's Memoirs; Reed's Reed (i. ch. 16); Almon, v.; Stone's Invasion of Canada (p. 75); Hist. Mag., Feb., 1872; Dawson, i. ch. 29, 30; Carrington (ch. 52); Lossing, etc.
[933] The broadside orders of the British commanders can be found in Sabin, xv. p. 577, etc.; Hildeburn's Issues of the press, under 1777 and 1778; some of them are in fac-simile in Smith's Hist. and Lit. Curios., 2d series.
[934] Those of Christopher Marshall; James Allen (Penna. Mag. of Hist., Oct., 1885, p. 278; Jan., 1886, p. 424); Robert Morton (Ibid., i. p. 1); Miss Sally Wister (Ibid., 1885 and 1886; Howard Jenkins' Hist. Coll. relating to Gwynedd; extracts in Watson's Annals); Margaret Morris, Private journal kept for the amusement of a sister, Philadelphia, 1836, p. 31,—(also copy in Sparks MSS., no. xlviii.); notes in Evelyns in America (also in Penna. Mag. Hist., 1884, p. 223). Cf. also a letter, Oct. 23, 1777, in Lady Cavendish's Admiral Gambier (also in Hist. Mag., v. 68); the letters of Samuel Cooper in Penna. Mag. Hist., April, 1886; the account of a Hessian captain, Henrich, is in the Schlözer Correspondenz, vol. iii.,—translated in Penna. Mag. Hist., vol. i. 46; cf. Lowell's Hessians, p. 100.
[935] Scharf and Westcott's Philadelphia; Sargent's André, p. 119; Penna. Mag. Hist., iii. 361, by F. D. Stone; Life of Esther Reed, p. 278, by W. B. Reed; United Service Journal, 1852. The house in Market Street, occupied successively by Washington and Howe as headquarters, is depicted in Lossing's Field-Book, ii. 302; Scharf and Westcott, i. 351; Brotherhead's Signers (1861), p. 3.