[1058] The best biography of Steuben is the life by Friedrich Kapp, 2d ed., N. Y., 1859. But Kapp is often ridiculously partial to his hero. In the Magazine of American History, viii. pp. 187-199, is a valuable and graphic account of Steuben, written in 1814 by his former aide, William North. See also Thacher, Military Journal 517-531; Professor Ebeling in Amerikanisches Magazin, 1797, iii. 148; G. W. Greene, German Element in the War of American Independence, N. Y., 1876, pp. 11-87; Francis Bowen, Life of Baron Steuben, in Sparks, Am. Biog., ix. pp. 1-88; Headley, Generals, i. 293; Rogers, Biog. Dict., 370; and his character, by Richard Peters in Mag. of Western Hist., 1886, p. 680.
[1059] Light-Horse Harry Lee in his Memoirs was especially severe on Jefferson's actions at this time, and later during Cornwallis's campaign. To this Jefferson replied in a letter to the younger Henry Lee, dated May 15, 1826, in Lee's Memoirs (2d edition), p. 204. In his Notes on Virginia, Jefferson attempted a defence of his conduct, and in his Writings (ix. 212 and 220) there appeared an attack on the elder Lee. This brought forth a pamphlet entitled Observations on the Writings of Thomas Jefferson, with particular reference to the attack they contain on the memory of the late Gen. Henry Lee, by Henry Lee, New York, 1832. This was suppressed (cf. Sabin, x. 172), but in 1839 a second edition, "with an introduction and notes by Charles C. Lee", was published. See especially pp. 119 to 141 of the 1st ed., and pp. 129 to 147 of the 2d. See also Randall's Jefferson, i. 291-343; Giradin, Continuation of Burk, iv. 452-470; and, on the other side, Howison, ii. 251-265.
[1060] Parton in his interesting life of the Virginia statesman, pp. 224-256, gives a lifelike picture of Jefferson's share in the war. He dwells on the more picturesque incidents, like Tarleton's raid, which, though giving a pleasant color to the story, had little influence on the course of events.
[1061] The History of Virginia, commenced by John Burk, and continued by Skelton Jones and Louis Hue Giradin, Petersburg, 1816. What part Jones took in the work is not clear. Volume iv. relates to the Revolution. The editors of Jefferson's Works (i. 41) say of Giradin: "Mr. Jefferson supplied him with a large amount of manuscript matter which greatly enriched his volume. His admiration for Mr. Jefferson sometimes approaches the ludicrous." Cf. also Howison, ii. 278. The volume closes abruptly after the capitulation of Yorktown. Further publication seems to have been suspended on account of what M. Giradin terms in his preface "typographical difficulties."
[1062] Calendar of Virginia State Papers and other Manuscripts preserved in the Capitol at Richmond, 1652-1781. Volume i., arranged and edited by Wm. P. Palmer. Volume ii. prepared for publication by Sherwin McRae (Richmond, 1875 and 1881). Volume ii. deals almost entirely with the period covered by this chapter.
[1063] Letters of Thomas Nelson, Jr., Governor of Virginia, Richmond 1874; (No. I. of the New Series of the Publications of the Va. Hist. Soc.)
[1064] Mémoires Militaires, Historiques, et Politiques de Rochambeau, Paris, 1809, vol. i. pp. 237-330, relating to his share in this war. This portion was translated by M. W. E. Wright, Esq., and printed as Memoirs of the Marshall Count de Rochambeau relative to the War of Independence of the United States, Paris, 1838. It is generally thought that the portion of Soulés' Troublés dealing with Yorktown was the work of Rochambeau, or written by his inspiration.
[1065] See also appendices to the Third and Fifth Reports for other papers of interest in the present examination. Some notes in the Westmoreland Papers (Tenth Report, App., iv. 29) supplement the Sackville Papers.
[1066] Volume xxv. pp. 88 et seq., Hansard, xxii. 985 et seq., contains the debates in the "Lords", but no documents. Abstracts of the important papers are in the Political Magazine.
[1067] For some account of the career of Cornwallis, see Correspondence of Charles, First Marquis Cornwallis. Edited with Notes by Charles Ross, Esq., London, 1859 (ably reviewed by C. C. Smith in North American Review, lxxxix. 114). Most unfortunately, many of the letters are printed in extract without any indication being made of the fact. Several of the most important documents in the book are printed in the appendix. Cf. also Lives of the Most Eminent British Commanders, by the Rev. G. R. Gleig, iii. 115, being vol. xxxvi. of Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopædia; G. W. Kaye's Lives of Indian Officers, i. 1; the contemporary Political Magazine, ii. 450; Jesse's Etonians; E. E. Hale in Christian Examiner, lxvii. p. 31; and Poole's Index, p. 303.