Sixth annual report of the Bureau of ethnology. (1888 N 06 / 1884-1885)

by Unknown

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1888

CONTENTS.

REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR.
	Page.
Letter of transmittal	[XXI]
Introduction	[XXIII]
Publication	[XXIV]
Field work	[XXVI]
Mound explorations	[XXVI]
Work of Prof. Cyrus Thomas	[XXVI]
Explorations in the Southwest	[XXVIII]
Work of Mr. James Stevenson	[XXVIII]
Work of Mr. Victor Mindeleff	[XXIX]
Linguistic field work	[XXX]
Work of Mrs. Erminnie A. Smith	[XXX]
Work of Mr. H. W. Henshaw	[XXXI]
Work of Mr. A. S. Gatschet	[XXXIII]
Work of Rev. J. Owen Dorsey	[XXXVI]
Work of Mr. Jeremiah Curtin	[XXXVII]
General field work	[XXXVIII]
Work of Dr. Washington Matthews	[XXXVIII]
Work of Dr. H. C. Yarrow	[XL]
Work of Dr. W. J. Hoffman	[XLI]
Office work	[XLIII]
Work of Mr. H. W. Henshaw	[XLV]
Work of Mrs. Erminnie A. Smith	[XLV]
Work of Col. Garrick Mallery	[XLV]
Work of Dr. W. J. Hoffman	[XLV]
Work of Mr. James C. Pilling	[XLV]
Work of Mr. Frank H. Cushing	[XLVI]
Work of Prof. Cyrus Thomas	[XLVII]
Work of Mr. Victor Mindeleff	[XLVII]
Work of Rev. J. Owen Dorsey	[XLVIII]
Work of Mr. Albert S. Gatschet	[XLVIII]
Work of Mr. W. H. Holmes	[XLVIII]
Work of Dr. H. C. Yarrow	[L]
Work of Mr. Charles C. Royce	[L]
Accompanying papers	[LI]
Ancient art of the province of Chiriqui, Colombia, by William H. Holmes	[LI]
A study of the textile art in its relation to the development of form and ornament, by William H. Holmes	[LIV]
Aids to the study of the Maya Codices, by Cyrus Thomas	[LV]
Osage traditions, by Rev. J. Owen Dorsey	[LVI]
The Central Eskimo, by Dr. Franz Boas	[LVI]
Financial statement	[LVIII]

ACCOMPANYING PAPERS.

ANCIENT ART OF THE PROVINCE OF CHIRIQUI, BY WILLIAM H. HOLMES.
	Page.
Introduction	[a]13]
Geography	[a]13]
Literature	[a]14]
People	[a]15]
The cemeteries	[a]16]
The graves	[a]17]
Human remains	[a]20]
Placing of relics	[a]21]
Objects of art	[a]21]
Stone	[a]21]
Pictured rocks	[a]21]
Columns	[a]22]
Images	[a]23]
Mealing stones	[a]25]
Stools	[a]27]
Celts etc.	[a]29]
Spearheads	[a]34]
Arrowpoints	[a]34]
Ornaments	[a]34]
Metal	[a]35]
Gold and copper	[a]35]
Bronze	[a]49]
Clay: Pottery	[a]53]
Preliminary	[a]53]
How found	[a]55]
Material	[a]55]
Manufacture	[a]56]
Color	[a]57]
Use	[a]57]
Forms of vessels	[a]58]
Decoration	[a]62]
Unpainted ware	[a]66]
Terra cotta group	[a]67]
Black incised group	[a]80]
Painted ware	[a]84]
Scarified group	[a]87]
Handled group	[a]90]
Tripod group	[a]97]
Maroon group	[a]107]
Red line group	[a]109]
White line group	[a]111]
Lost color group	[a]113]
Alligator group	[a]130]
Polychrome group	[a]140]
Unclassified	[a]147]
Miscellaneous objects	[a]149]
Spindle whorls	[a]149]
Needlecases	[a]150]
Figurines	[a]151]
Stools	[a]154]
Musical instruments	[a]156]
Rattles	[a]156]
Drums	[a]157]
Wind instruments	[a]160]
Life forms in vase painting	[a]171]
Résumé	[a]186]
A STUDY OF THE TEXTILE ART IN ITS RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF FORM AND ORNAMENT, BY WILLIAM H. HOLMES.
Introduction	[a]195]
Form in textile art	[a]196]
Relations of form to ornament	[a]201]
Color in textile art	[a]201]
Textile ornament	[a]202]
Development of a geometric system within the art	[a]202]
Introduction	[a]202]
Relief phenomena	[a]203]
Ordinary features	[a]203]
Reticulated work	[a]210]
Superconstructive features	[a]211]
Color phenomena	[a]215]
Ordinary features	[a]215]
Non-essential constructive features	[a]226]
Superconstructive features	[a]228]
Adventitious features	[a]231]
Geometricity imposed upon adopted elements of design	[a]232]
Extension of textile ornament to other forms of art	[a]244]
AIDS TO THE STUDY OF THE MAYA CODICES, BY CYRUS THOMAS.
Introduction	[a]259]
Chap. I. The numerals in the Dresden Codex	[a]261]
II. Conclusions	[a]339]
III. The writing	[a]345]
Signification of the characters	[a]347]
Symbols of animals etc	[a]348]
Symbols of deities	[a]358]
Discussion as to phonetic features of the characters	[a]365]
OSAGE TRADITIONS, BY REV. J. OWEN DORSEY.
Introduction	[a]377]
Traditions of the elders	[a]381]
Unŭn u¢áʞe. Tsíɔu wactáʞe itáde (Tradition of the Tsíɔu wactáʞe gens)	[a]381]
Translation	[a]388]
Unŭn u¢áʞe. Qü¢ápasan itáde (Tradition of the Bald Eagle subgens)	[a]390]
Translation	[a]394]
Concluding remarks	[a]396]
THE CENTRAL ESKIMO, BY DR. FRANZ BOAS.
Introduction	[a]409]
Authorities quoted	[a]410]
Orthography	[a]413]
Geography of northeastern America	[a]413]
Distribution of the tribes	[a]419]
General observations	[a]419]
Baffin Land	[a]421]
The Sikosuilarmiut	[a]421]
The Akuliarmiut	[a]421]
The Qaumauangmiut	[a]421]
The Nugumiut	[a]422]
The Oqomiut	[a]424]
The Padlimiut and the Akudnirmiut	[a]440]
The Aggomiut	[a]442]
The Iglulirmiut	[a]444]
The Pilingmiut	[a]444]
The Sagdlirmiut	[a]444]
Western shore of Hudson Bay	[a]444]
The Aivillirmiut	[a]445]
The Kinipetu or Agutit	[a]450]
The Sagdlirmiut of Southampton Island	[a]451]
The Sinimiut	[a]451]
Boothia Felix and Back River	[a]452]
The Netchillirmiut	[a]452]
The Ugjulirmiut	[a]458]
The Ukusiksalirmiut	[a]458]
Smith Sound	[a]459]
The natives of Ellesmere Land	[a]459]
The North Greenlanders	[a]460]
Influence of geographical conditions upon the distribution of the settlements	[a]460]
Trade and intercourse between the tribes	[a]462]
List of the Central Eskimo tribes	[a]470]
Hunting and fishing	[a]471]
Seal, walrus, and whale hunting	[a]471]
Deer, musk ox, and bear hunting	[a]501]
Hunting of small game	[a]510]
Fishing	[a]513]
Manufactures	[a]516]
Making leather and preparing skins	[a]516]
Sundry implements	[a]523]
Transportation by boats and sledges	[a]527]
The boat	[a]527]
The sledge and dogs	[a]529]
Habitations and dress	[a]539]
The house	[a]539]
Clothing, dressing of the hair, and tattooing	[a]554]
Social and religious life	[a]561]
Domestic occupations and amusements	[a]561]
Visiting	[a]574]
Social customs in summer	[a]576]
Social order and laws	[a]578]
Religious ideas and the angakunirn (priesthood)	[a]583]
Sedna and the fulmar	[a]583]
The tornait and the angakut	[a]591]
The flight to the moon	[a]598]
Kadlu the thunderer	[a]600]
Feasts, religious and secular	[a]600]
Customs and regulations concerning birth, sickness, and death	[a]609]
Tales and traditions	[a]615]
Ititaujang	[a]615]
The emigration of the Sagdlirmiut	[a]618]
Kalopaling	[a]20]
The Uissuit	[a]621]
Kiviung	[a]621]
The origin of the narwhal	[a]625]
The visitor	[a]627]
The fugitive women	[a]628]
Qaudjaqdjuq	[a]628]
I. Story of the three brothers	[a]628]
II. Qaudjaqdjuq	[a]630]
Igimarasugdjuqdjuaq the cannibal	[a]633]
The Tornit	[a]634]
The woman and the spirit of the singing house	[a]636]
The constellation Udleqdjun	[a]636]
The origin of the Adlet and of the Qadluait	[a]637]
The great flood	[a]637]
Inugpaqdjuqdjualung	[a]638]
The bear story	[a]638]
Sundry tales	[a]639]
Tables relating to animals	[a]641]
The owl and the raven	[a]641]
Comparison between Baffin Land traditions and those of other tribes	[a]641]
Science and the arts	[a]643]
Geography and navigation	[a]643]
Poetry and music	[a]648]
Merry-making among the Tornit	[a]649]
The lemming's song	[a]650]
Arlum pissinga (the killer's song)	[a]650]
I. Summer song	[a]653]
II. The returning hunter	[a]653]
III. Song of the Tornit	[a]653]
IV. Song of the Inuit traveling to Nettilling	[a]653]
V. Oxaitoq's song	[a]654]
VI. Utitiaq's song	[a]654]
VII. Song	[a]654]
VIII. Song	[a]654]
IX. Song of the Tornit	[a]654]
X. The fox and the woman	[a]655]
XI. The raven's song	[a]655]
XII. Song of a Padlimio	[a]655]
XIII. Ititaujang's song	[a]655]
XIV. Playing at ball	[a]656]
XV. Playing at ball	[a]657]
XVI.-XIX. Extracts	[a]657], [a]658]
Glossary	[a]659]
Appendix	[a]667]
INDEX.
Index	[671]

ILLUSTRATIONS.

		Page.
Plate I.	Map of Chiriqui	[a]13]
II.	Map showing in detail the geographical divisions of territory occupied by the Eskimo tribes of northeast America	[[1]]
	1. Oqo and Akudnirn.
	2. Frobisher Bay.
	3. Eclipse Sound and Admiralty Inlet.
	4. Repulse Sound and Lyon Inlet.
	5. Boothia Isthmus and King William Land.
III.	Map of the territory occupied by the Eskimo tribes of North America, showing the boundaries	[[1]]
IV.	Cumberland Peninsula, drawn by Aranin, a Saumingmio	[a]643]
V.	Eskimo drawings	[a]648]
VI.	Eskimo drawings	[a]650]
VII.	Eskimo drawings	[a]651]
VIII.	Eskimo carvings	[a]652]
IX.	Eskimo carvings	[a]653]
X.	Modern Eskimo implements	[a]654]
Fig. 1.	Section of oval grave	[a]17]
2.	Section of a quadrangular grave	[a]18]
3.	Grave with pillars	[a]18]
4.	Compound cist	[a]19]
5.	Southwest face of the pictured stone	[a]22]
6.	A goddess of the ancient Chiriquians	[a]23]
7.	A god of the ancient Chiriquians	[a]24]
8.	Fragmentary human figure in gray basaltic rock	[a]25]
9.	Mealing stone with large tablet ornamented with animal heads	[a]26]
10.	Puma shaped metate	[a]27]
11.	Stool shaped object	[a]28]
12.	Stool with columnar base	[a]28]
13.	Stool with perforated base	[a]29]
14.	Large partially polished celt	[a]30]
15.	Celt of hexagonal section	[a]31]
16.	Small wide bladed celt	[a]31]
17.	Celt with heavy shaft	[a]31]
18.	Celt or ax with constriction near the top	[a]31]
19.	Flaked and partially polished celt	[a]32]
20.	Well polished celt	[a]32]
21.	Narrow pointed celt	[a]32]
22.	Narrow pointed celt	[a]32]
23.	Cylindrical celt with narrow point	[a]33]
24.	Leaf shaped objects suggesting spearpoints	[a]34]
25.	Arrowpoints	[a]34]
26.	Human figure formed of copper-gold alloy	[a]41]
27.	Grotesque human figure in gold	[a]42]
28.	Rudely shaped human figure in gold	[a]42]
29.	Grotesque human figure in nearly pure copper	[a]43]
30.	Grotesque human figure in nearly pure gold	[a]43]
31.	Rudely executed image of a bird in gold	[a]44]
32.	Image of a bird in gold	[a]45]
33.	Puma shaped figure in gold	[a]45]
34.	Puma shaped figure in base metal	[a]45]
35.	Quadruped with grotesque face in base metal	[a]46]
36.	Figure of a fish in gold	[a]46]
37.	Large figure of a frog in base metal plated with gold	[a]47]
38.	Small figure of a frog in base metal plated with gold	[a]47]
39.	Figure of an alligator in gold	[a]48]
40.	Animal figure in base metal plated with gold	[a]48]
41.	Bronze bells plated or washed with gold	[a]50]
42.	Bronze bell with human features	[a]50]
43.	Triple bell or rattle found on the Rio Grande	[a]51]
44.	Ancient Mexican bell	[a]51]
45.	Fundamental forms of vases—convex outlines	[a]58]
46.	Fundamental forms of vases—angular outlines	[a]59]
47.	Vases of complex outlines—exceptional forms	[a]59]
48.	Vases of compound forms	[a]59]
49.	Square lipped vessel	[a]59]
50.	Variations in the forms of necks and rims	[a]60]
51.	Arrangement of handles	[a]60]
52.	Types of annular bases or feet	[a]61]
53.	Forms of legs	[a]61]
54.	Grotesque figure forming the handle of a small vase	[a]63]
55.	Grotesque figure forming the handle of a small vase	[a]63]
56.	Grotesque figure forming the handle of a small vase	[a]63]
57.	Monstrous figure with serpent shaped extremities	[a]63]
58.	Monstrous figure with serpent shaped extremities	[a]63]
59.	Grotesque figure	[a]64]
60.	Grotesque figure	[a]64]
61.	Grotesque figure	[a]64]
62.	Figure of a monkey	[a]64]
63.	Figure of a monkey	[a]64]
64.	Figure of a monkey	[a]64]
65.	Animal forms exhibiting long proboscis	[a]65]
66.	Vase illustrating ornamental use of animal figures	[a]65]
67.	Vase illustrating ornamental use of animal figures	[a]65]
68.	Vase illustrating ornamental use of animal figures	[a]66]
69.	Vase illustrating ornamental use of animal figures	[a]66]
70.	Series of bowls and cups of unpainted ware	[a]67]
71.	Vase of graceful form	[a]68]
72.	Vase of graceful form	[a]68]
73.	Vase of fine form ornamented with grotesque heads	[a]68]
74.	Vase of fine form ornamented with grotesque heads	[a]69]
75.	Vase with ornament of applied nodes and fillets	[a]69]
76.	Vase with mantle covered with incised figures	[a]70]
77.	Vase with frieze of grotesque heads	[a]70]
78.	Vases with flaring rims and varied ornament	[a]71]
79.	Vases with complex outlines and varied ornament	[a]71]
80.	Large vase with two mouths and neatly decorated necks	[a]72]
81.	Large vase with high handles	[a]72]
82.	Top view of high handled vase	[a]73]
83.	Handled vase	[a]73]
84.	Handled vase	[a]73]
85.	Handled vase	[a]73]
86.	Small cup with single handle, ornamented with grotesque figure	[a]74]
87.	Small cup with single handle, ornamented with grotesque figure	[a]74]
88.	Vase of eccentric form	[a]74]
89.	Vessel illustrating forms of legs	[a]75]
90.	Vessel illustrating forms of legs	[a]75]
91.	Vessel with large legs decorated with stellar punctures	[a]75]
92.	Vases of varied form with plain and animal shaped legs	[a]75]
93.	Large vase of striking shape	[a]76]
94.	Cup with legs imitating animal forms	[a]76]
95.	Cup with legs imitating a grotesque animal form	[a]77]
96.	Cup with legs imitating the armadillo	[a]77]
97.	Cup with legs imitating the armadillo	[a]77]
98.	Cup with frog shaped legs	[a]77]
99.	Cup with legs imitating an animal and its young	[a]77]
100.	Cups supported by grotesque heads	[a]77]
101.	Large cup supported by two grotesque figures	[a]78]
102.	Cup with two animal heads attached to the sides	[a]78]
103.	Cup with two animal heads attached to the sides	[a]78]
104.	Vase imitating an animal form	[a]79]
105.	Vase imitating an animal form	[a]79]
106.	Vase imitating an animal form	[a]79]
107.	Fish shaped vessel	[a]79]
108.	Top view of a fish shaped vessel	[a]80]
109.	Cup with grotesque head attached to the rim	[a]80]
110.	Black cup with incised reptilian figures	[a]81]
111.	Black cup with incised reptilian figures	[a]81]
112.	Black vase with conventional incised pattern	[a]81]
113.	Small cup with conventional incised pattern	[a]82]
114.	Small tripod cup with upright walls	[a]82]
115.	Vase with flaring rim and legs imitating animal heads	[a]82]
116.	Vase modeled to represent the head of an animal	[a]83]
117.	Pattern upon the back of the vase	[a]83]
118.	Tripod bowl of red scarified ware	[a]87]
119.	Tripod bowl of red scarified ware	[a]87]
120.	Oblong basin with scarified design	[a]88]
121.	Large scarified bowl with handles imitating animal heads	[a]88]
122.	Jar with flat bottom and vertical bands of incised ornament	[a]89]
123.	Vase with stand and vertical incised bands	[a]89]
124.	Vase with handles, legs, and vertical ribs	[a]89]
125.	Tripod with owl-like heads at insertion of legs	[a]90]
126.	Tripod with legs rudely suggesting animal forms	[a]90]
127.	Heavy red vase with four mouths	[a]90]
128.	Vase with horizontally placed handles and rude designs in red	[a]91]
129.	Unpolished vase with heavy handles and coated with soot	[a]92]
130.	Round bodied vase with unique handles and incised ornament	[a]92]
131.	Vase with grotesque figures attached to the handles	[a]93]
132.	Vase with upright handles and winged lip	[a]93]
133.	Top view of vase with winged lip	[a]94]
134.	Vase with grotesque animal shaped handles	[a]94]
135.	Vase with handles representing strange animals	[a]95]
136.	Vase with handles representing grotesque figures	[a]95]
137.	Vase with handles representing animal heads	[a]96]
138.	Vase with arched handles embellished with life forms in high relief	[a]96]
139.	Vase with arched handles embellished with life forms in high relief	[a]97]
140.	Tripod vase with shallow basin and eccentric handles	[a]99]
141.	Tripod vase with shallow basin and eccentric handles	[a]99]
142.	Tripod vase with shallow basin and eccentric handles	[a]99]
143.	Tripod vase of graceful shape and neat finish	[a]100]
144.	Heavy tripod vase with widely spreading feet	[a]100]
145.	Neatly modeled vase embellished with life forms and devices in red	[a]101]
146.	High tripod vase with incised designs and rude figures in red	[a]101]
147.	Handsome tripod vase with scroll ornament	[a]102]
148.	Vase with lizard shaped legs	[a]102]
149.	Vase with scroll ornament	[a]103]
150.	Large vase with flaring rim and wide spreading legs	[a]103]
151.	Fragment of a tripod vase embellished with figure of an alligator	[a]104]
152.	Vase supported by grotesque human figures	[a]105]
153.	Round bodied vase embellished with figures of monsters	[a]106]
154.	Cup with incurved rim and life form ornamentation	[a]107]
155.	Cup with widely expanded rim and constricted neck	[a]107]
156.	Small tripod cup with animal features in high relief	[a]108]
157.	Handsome vase supported by three grotesque figures	[a]108]
158.	Vase decorated with figures of frogs and devices in red	[a]110]
159.	Vase of unique shape and life form ornamentation	[a]110]
160.	Two-handled vase with life form and linear decoration	[a]110]
161.	Small tripod vase with animal figures in white	[a]111]
162.	Shapely vase with designs in white paint	[a]112]
163.	Small red bottle with horizontal bands of ornament	[a]115]
164.	Small red bottle with encircling geometric devices	[a]115]
165.	Bottle with zone occupied by geometric devices	[a]116]
166.	Bottle with broad zone containing geometric figures	[a]116]
167.	Bottle with decoration of meandered lines	[a]117]
168.	Bottle with arched panels and geometric devices	[a]117]
169.	Bottle with arched panels and elaborate devices	[a]118]
170.	Vase with rosette-like panels	[a]118]
170a.	Ornament from preceding vase	[a]118]
171.	Vase with rosette-like panels	[a]119]
172.	Vase with rosette-like panels	[a]119]
173.	Theoretical origin of the arched panels	[a]120]
174.	Theoretical origin of the arched panels	[a]120]
175.	Theoretical origin of the arched panels	[a]120]
176.	Vase decorated with conventional figures of alligators	[a]120]
177.	Portion of decorated zone illustrating treatment of life forms	[a]121]
178.	Portion of decorated zone illustrating treatment of life forms	[a]121]
179.	Vase decorated with highly conventional life forms	[a]121]
179a.	Design from preceding vase	[a]122]
180.	Vase decorated with highly conventional life forms	[a]122]
181.	Vase decorated with highly conventional life forms	[a]123]
182.	Decorated panel with devices resembling vegetal growths	[a]124]
183.	Vase of unusual shape	[a]124]
184.	Vase of unusual shape	[a]124]
185.	Vase of unusual shape	[a]124]
186.	Double vessel with high arched handle	[a]125]
187.	Double vessel with arched handle	[a]125]
188.	Vase embellished with life forms in color and in relief	[a]126]
189.	Vase modeled to represent a peccary	[a]127]
190.	Under surface of peccary vase	[a]127]
191.	Small vessel with human figures in high relief	[a]127]
192.	Tripod cup with figures of the alligator	[a]128]
193.	Large shallow tripod vase with geometric decoration	[a]129]
194.	Large bottle shaped vase with high tripod and alligator design	[a]130]
195.	Large bottle with narrow zone containing figures of the alligator	[a]132]
196.	Vase with decorated zone containing four arched panels	[a]133]
197.	Vase with four round nodes upon which are painted animal devices	[a]133]
198.	Vases of varied form and decoration	[a]134]
199.	Alligator vase with conventional markings	[a]135]
200.	Alligator vase with figures of the alligator painted on the sides	[a]135]
201.	Vase with serpent ornamentation	[a]136]
202.	Vase representing a puma with alligator figures painted on sides	[a]137]
203.	Shallow vase with reptilian features in relief and in color	[a]137]
204.	Vase with funnel shaped mouth	[a]138]
205.	Top view of vase in Fig. 204	[a]139]
206.	End view of vase in Fig. 204	[a]139]
207.	Large vase with decorations in red and black	[a]140]
208.	Devices of the decorated zone of vase in Fig. 207, viewed from above	[a]141]
209.	Handsome vase with four handles and decorations in black, red, and purple	[a]142]
210.	Painted design of vase in Fig. 209, viewed from above	[a]143]
211.	Vase of unusual shape, with decoration in black, red, and purple	[a]144]
212.	Ornament occupying the interior surface of the basin of vase in Fig. 211	[a]144]
213.	Large vase of fine shape and simple decorations	[a]145]
214.	Vase with extraordinary decorative designs	[a]146]
215.	Painted design of vase in Fig. 214, viewed from above	[a]147]
216.	Vase of unique form and decoration	[a]148]
217.	Painted design of vase in Fig. 216	[a]148]
218.	Spindle whorl with annular nodes	[a]149]
219.	Spindle whorl decorated with animal figures	[a]149]
220.	Spindle whorl with perforations and incised ornament	[a]149]
221.	Needlecase	[a]150]
222.	Needlecase	[a]150]
223.	Needlecase with painted geometric ornament	[a]151]
224.	Needlecase with incised geometric ornament	[a]151]
225.	Needlecase with incised geometric ornament	[a]151]
226.	Statuette	[a]152]
227.	Statuette	[a]152]
228.	Statuette	[a]152]
229.	Statuette	[a]152]
230.	Stool of plain terra cotta	[a]154]
231.	Stool of plain clay, with grotesque figures	[a]155]
232.	Stool of plain terra cotta	[a]155]
233.	Rattle	[a]157]
234.	Section of rattle	[a]157]
235.	Rattle with grotesque figures	[a]157]
236.	Drum of gray unpainted clay	[a]158]
237.	Drum with painted ornament	[a]159]
238.	Painted design of drum in Fig. 237	[a]159]
239.	Double whistle	[a]161]
240.	Section of double whistle	[a]161]
241.	Tubular instrument with two finger holes	[a]162]
242.	Section of whistle	[a]162]
243.	Small animal shaped whistle	[a]162]
244.	Small animal shaped whistle	[a]162]
245.	Top shaped whistle	[a]163]
246.	Section, top, and bottom views of whistle	[a]164]
247.	Drum shaped whistle	[a]165]
248.	Vase shaped whistle	[a]165]
249.	Crab shaped whistle	[a]166]
250.	Alligator shaped whistle	[a]166]
251.	Cat shaped whistle	[a]167]
252.	Whistle with four ocelot-like heads	[a]168]
253.	Bird shaped whistle	[a]169]
254.	Bird shaped whistle	[a]169]
255.	Bird shaped whistle	[a]170]
256.	Whistle in grotesque life form	[a]170]
257.	Conventional figure of the alligator	[a]173]
258.	Conventional figure of the alligator	[a]173]
259.	Conventional figure of the alligator	[a]174]
260.	Conventional figure of the alligator	[a]174]
261.	Conventional figure of the alligator	[a]174]
262.	Two-headed form of the alligator	[a]175]
263.	Figure of the alligator much simplified	[a]175]
264.	The alligator much modified by ceramic influences	[a]176]
265.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]176]
266.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]176]
267.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]176]
268.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]177]
269.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]177]
270.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]177]
271.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]178]
272.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]178]
273.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]178]
274.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]179]
275.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]179]
276.	Conventional figure derived from the alligator	[a]180]
277.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]180]
278.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]181]
279.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]182]
280.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]182]
281.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]182]
282.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]182]
283.	Conventional figures derived from the alligator	[a]183]
284.	Vase with decorated zone containing remarkable devices	[a]185]
285.	Series of devices	[a]185]
286.	Mat or tray with esthetic attributes of form	[a]197]
287.	Tray having decided esthetic attributes of form	[a]198]
288.	Pyriform water vessel	[a]198]
289.	Basket with esthetic characters of form	[a]199]
290.	Basket of eccentric form	[a]200]
291.	Character of surface in the simplest form of weaving	[a]204]
292.	Surface produced by impacting	[a]204]
293.	Surface produced by use of wide fillets	[a]204]
294.	Basket with ribbed surface	[a]205]
295.	Bottle showing obliquely ribbed surface	[a]205]
296.	Tray showing radial ribs	[a]205]
297.	Combination giving herring bone effect	[a]206]
298.	Combination giving triangular figures	[a]206]
299.	Peruvian work basket	[a]206]
300.	Basket of Seminole workmanship	[a]207]
301.	Surface effect produced in open twined combination	[a]207]
302.	Surface effect produced in open twined combination	[a]207]
303.	Surface effect produced by impacting in twined combination	[a]208]
304.	Surface effect produced by impacting the web strands in twined combination	[a]208]
305.	Surface effect produced by crossing the web series in open twined work	[a]208]
306.	Tray with open mesh, twined combination	[a]208]
307.	Conical basket, twined combination	[a]209]
308.	Example of primitive reticulated weaving	[a]210]
309.	Simple form of reticulation	[a]211]
310.	Reticulated pattern in cotton cloth	[a]211]
311.	Peruvian embroidery	[a]212]
312.	Basket with pendent ornaments	[a]213]
313.	Basket with pendent ornaments	[a]213]
314.	Tasseled Peruvian mantle	[a]214]
315.	Pattern produced by interlacing strands of different colors	[a]216]
316.	Pattern produced by interlacing strands of different colors	[a]216]
317.	Pattern produced by interlacing strands of different colors	[a]216]
318.	Pattern produced by interlacing strands of different colors	[a]217]
319.	Base of coiled basket	[a]218]
320.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]218]
321.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]219]
322.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]220]
323.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]220]
324.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]221]
325.	Coiled basket with geometric ornament	[a]223]
326.	Coiled tray with geometric ornament	[a]224]
327.	Coiled tray with geometric ornament	[a]225]
328.	Tray with geometric ornament	[a]225]
329.	Tray with geometric ornament	[a]226]
330.	Ornament produced by wrapping the strands	[a]227]
331.	Ornament produced by fixing strands to the surface of the fabric	[a]227]
332.	Basket with feather ornamentation	[a]227]
333.	Basket with feather ornamentation	[a]227]
334.	Piece of cloth showing use of supplementary warp and woof	[a]228]
335.	Piece of cloth showing use of supplementary warp and woof	[a]228]
336.	Example of grass embroidery	[a]230]
337.	Example of feather embroidery	[a]231]
338.	Figures from the Penn wampum belt	[a]233]
339.	Figures from a California Indian basket	[a]234]
340.	California Indian basket	[a]234]
341.	Figures from a Peruvian basket	[a]235]
342.	Figure from a piece of Peruvian gobelins	[a]236]
343.	Figures from a Peruvian vase	[a]237]
344.	Figure from a circular basket	[a]238]
345.	Figure of a bird from a Zuñi shield	[a]239]
346.	Figure of a bird woven in a tray	[a]240]
347.	Figure of a bird woven in a basket	[a]241]
348.	Figures embroidered on a cotton net by the ancient Peruvians	[a]242]
349.	Figures of birds embroidered by the ancient Peruvians	[a]243]
350.	Conventional design painted upon cotton cloth	[a]243]
351.	Herring bone and checker patterns produced in weaving	[a]246]
352.	Herring bone and checker patterns engraved in clay	[a]246]
353.	Earthen vase with textile ornament	[a]247]
354.	Example of textile ornament painted upon pottery	[a]248]
355.	Textile pattern transferred to pottery through costume	[a]248]
356.	Ceremonial adz with carved ornament of textile character	[a]250]
357.	Figures upon a tapa stamp	[a]251]
358.	Design in stucco exhibiting textile characters	[a]251]
359.	Line of day and numeral symbols from Plates 36c and 37c, Dresden Codex	[a]272]
360.	Line of day and numeral characters from Plates 33-39, Dresden Codex	[a]276]
361.	Unusual symbol for Akbal from Plate 8 of the Dresden Codex	[a]284]
362.	Copy of Plate 50, Dresden Codex	[a]297]
363.	Copy of Plate 51, Dresden Codex	[a]306]
364.	Copy of Plate 52, Dresden Codex	[a]307]
365.	Copy of Plate 53, Dresden Codex	[a]308]
366.	Copy of Plate 54, Dresden Codex	[a]309]
367.	Copy of Plate 55, Dresden Codex	[a]310]
368.	Copy of Plate 56, Dresden Codex	[a]311]
369.	Copy of Plate 57, Dresden Codex	[a]312]
370.	Copy of Plate 58, Dresden Codex	[a]313]
371.	Specimens of ornamental loops from page 72, Dresden Codex	[a]337]
372.	Numeral character from the lower division of Plate XV, Manuscript Troano	[a]343]
373.	Turtle from the Cortesian Codex, Plate 17	[a]348]
374.	Jar from the Cortesian Codex, Plate 27	[a]349]
375.	Worm and plant from Manuscript Troano, Plate XXIX	[a]351]
376.	Figure of a woman from the Dresden Codex	[a]351]
377.	Copy of middle and lower divisions of Plate XIX, Manuscript Troano	[a]352]
378.	Copy of lower division of Plate 65, Dresden Codex	[a]353]
379.	The moo or ara from Plate 16, Dresden Codex	[a]355]
380.	The god Ekchuah, after the Troano and Cortesian Codices	[a]358]
381.	The long nosed god (Kukulcan) or god with the snake-like tongue	[a]359]
382.	Copy of head from the Borgian Codex (Quetzalcoatl?)	[a]360]
383.	The supposed god of death from the Dresden Codex	[a]361]
384.	The supposed god of death from the Troano Codex	[a]361]
385.	The god with the banded face from the Troano Codex	[a]362]
386.	The god with the old man's face	[a]363]
387.	The god with face crossed by lines	[a]364]
388.	Wooden idol in vessel with basket cover	[a]371]
389.	Symbolic chart of the Osage	[a]378]
390.	Harpoon from Alaska	[a]472]
391.	Modern or sealing harpoon	[a]472]
392.	Old style naulang or harpoon head	[a]473]
393.	Modern naulang or harpoon head	[a]473]
394.	Qilertuang or leather strap and clasps for holding coiled up harpoon lines	[a]474]
395.	Siatko or harpoon head of the Iglulirmiut	[a]475]
396.	Siatko found at Exeter Sound	[a]475]
397.	Eskimo in the act of striking a seal	[a]476]
398.	Tutareang or buckle	[a]477]
399.	Eskimo awaiting return of seal to blowhole	[a]478]
400.	Tuputang or ivory plugs for closing wounds	[a]479]
401.	Wooden case for plugs	[a]480]
402.	Another form of plug	[a]480]
403.	Qanging, for fastening thong to jaw of seal	[a]480]
404.	Qanging in form of a seal	[a]480]
405.	Qanging in form of a button	[a]481]
406.	Qanging serving for both toggle and handle	[a]481]
407.	Qidjarung or whirl for harpoon line	[a]481]
408.	Simple form of whirl	[a]481]
409.	Old pattern of hook for drawing out captured seal	[a]483]
410.	Seal hook of bear's claw	[a]483]
411.	Modern form of seal hook	[a]483]
412.	Eskimo approaching seal	[a]484]
413.	Frame of kayak or hunting boat	[a]486]
414.	Kayak with covering of skin	[a]487]
415.	Model of a Repulse Bay kayak	[a]487]
416.	Sirmijaung or scraper for kayak	[a]488]
417.	Large kayak harpoon for seal and walrus	[a]488]
418.	Tikagung or support for the hand	[a]488]
419.	Qatirn or ivory head of harpoon	[a]489]
420.	Manner of attaching the two principal parts of the harpoon	[a]489]
421.	Tokang or harpoon head in sheath	[a]489]
422.	Tokang or harpoon head taken from a whale in Cumberland Sound	[a]490]
423.	Ancient tokang or harpoon head	[a]491]
424.	Teliqbing, which is fastened to harpoon line	[a]492]
425.	Qatilik or spear	[a]492]
426.	Avautang or sealskin float	[a]492]
427.	Different styles of poviutang or pipe for inflating the float	[a]493]
428.	Agdliaq or spear for small seals	[a]494]
429.	Agdliaq points	[a]494]
430.	Spearheads	[a]495]
431.	Large spear head	[a]495]
432.	Anguvigang or lance	[a]496]
433.	Nuirn or bird spear	[a]496]
434.	Nuqsang or throwing board	[a]496]
435.	Sealing at the edge of the ice	[a]498]
436.	Model of sakurpāng or whaling harpoon	[a]500]
437.	Niutang with floats	[a]500]
438.	Wooden bow from Iglulik	[a]502]
439.	Wooden bow from Cumberland Sound	[a]502]
440.	Bows of reindeer antlers	[a]503]
441.	Bow of antlers with central part cut off straight	[a]503]
442.	Arrows with bone heads	[a]504]
443.	Arrows with metal heads	[a]504]
444.	Arrow head	[a]505]
445.	Showing attachment of arrowhead vertically and parallel to shank	[a]505]
446.	Various forms of arrowhead	[a]506]
447.	Socket of spear handle from Alaska	[a]506]
448.	Slate arrowhead	[a]506]
449.	Flint arrowheads from old graves	[a]507]
450.	Various styles of quiver	[a]507]
451.	Quiver handles	[a]508]
452.	Whalebone nooses for catching waterfowl	[a]511]
453.	Kakivang or salmon spear	[a]512]
454.	Ivory fish used as bait in spearing salmon	[a]513]
455.	Quqartaun for stringing salmon	[a]514]
456.	Salmon hook	[a]515]
457.	Salmon hook	[a]515]
458.	Bait used in fishing with hooks	[a]516]
459.	Butcher's knife with bone handle	[a]516]
460.	Pana or knife for dissecting game	[a]517]
461.	Form of ulo now in use	[a]518]
462.	Old ulo handle from Cape Broughton, Davis Strait	[a]518]
463.	Fragment of an ulo blade made of slate	[a]518]
464.	Ulo handle from recent grave	[a]518]
465.	Modern tesirqun or scraper	[a]519]
466.	Old style tesirqun or scraper	[a]519]
467.	Seligoung or scraper used for softening skins	[a]520]
468.	Old stone scrapers found in graves	[a]521]
469.	Stretcher for lines	[a]522]
470.	Ivory needle	[a]523]
471.	Ivory needlecase from Cumberland Sound	[a]523]
472.	Common pattern of needlecase	[a]523]
473.	Tikiq or thimble	[a]524]
474.	Instrument for straightening bone	[a]525]
475.	Drill for working in ivory and bone	[a]525]
476.	Driftwood used in kindling fire	[a]526]
477.	Eskimo graver's tool	[a]526]
478.	Framework of Eskimo boat	[a]527]
479.	Kiglo or post	[a]527]
480.	Umiaq or skin boat	[a]528]
481.	Umiaq or skin boat	[a]528]
482.	Qamuting or sledge	[a]529]
483.	Sledge shoe	[a]530]
484.	Form of clasp for fastening traces to sledge	[a]531]
485.	Artistic form of clasp for fastening traces to sledge	[a]531]
486.	Uqsirn for fastening traces to pitu	[a]532]
487.	Ano or dog harness	[a]532]
488.	Sadniriaq or clasp	[a]532]
489.	Tube for drinking	[a]535]
490.	Various styles of snow knife	[a]539]
491.	Ground plan of snow house of Davis Strait tribes	[a]540]
492.	Snow house of Davis Strait, sections	[a]541]
493.	Section and interior of snow house	[a]543]
494.	Ukusik or soapstone kettle	[a]545]
495.	Plan of double snow house	[a]546]
496.	Plan of Iglulik house	[a]547]
497.	Plan of Hudson Bay house	[a]547]
498.	Plan and sections of qarmang or stone house	[a]548]
499.	Plan of large qarmang or stone house	[a]549]
500.	Plan of stone house in Anarnitung, Cumberland Sound	[a]549]
501.	Plan of groups of stone houses in Pangnirtung	[a]530]
502.	Plan of qarmang or house made of whale ribs	[a]550]
503.	Storehouse in Ukiadliving	[a]551]
504.	Plan and sections of tupiq or tent of Cumberland Sound	[a]551]
505.	Plan and section of tupiq or tent of Pond Bay	[a]553]
506.	Plan and section of double winter tent, Cumberland Sound	[a]553]
507.	Qaturang or boot ornament	[a]554]
508.	Woman's jacket	[a]555]
509.	Ivory beads for women's jackets	[a]555]
510.	Girdle buckles	[a]556]
511.	Infant's clothing	[a]557]
512.	Child's clothing	[a]557]
513.	Ivory combs	[a]559]
514.	Buckles	[a]560]
515.	Manner of tattooing face and wearing hair	[a]561]
516.	Manner of tattooing legs and hands	[a]561]
517.	Forks	[a]563]
518.	Ladle of musk ox horn	[a]563]
519.	Skull used in the game ajegaung	[a]565]
520.	Ivory carving representing head of fox, used in the game ajegaung	[a]565]
521.	Ivory carvings representing polar bear, used in the game ajegaung	[a]566]
522.	Figures used in playing tingmiujang, a game similar to dice	[a]567]
523.	Game of nuglutang	[a]568]
524.	The sāketān or roulette	[a]569]
525.	Ajarorpoq or cat's cradle	[a]569]
526.	Ball	[a]570]
527.	Dolls in dress of the Oqomiut	[a]571]
528.	Dolls in dress of the Akunirmiut	[a]571]
529.	Modern snow goggles of wood	[a]576]
530.	Old form of snow goggles of ivory	[a]576]
531.	Diagram showing interior of qaggi or singing house among eastern tribes	[a]600]
532.	Plan of Hudson Bay qaggi or singing house	[a]601]
533.	Kilaut or drum	[a]602]
534.	Plans of remains of supposed qaggi or singing houses	[a]603]
535.	Qailertétang or masked figure	[a]606]
536.	Model of lamp from a grave in Cumberland Sound	[a]613]
537.	Qaudjaqdjuq is maltreated by his enemies	[a]631]
538.	The man in the moon comes down to help Qaudjaqdjuq	[a]631]
539.	The man in the moon whipping Qaudjaqdjuq	[a]632]
540.	Qaudjaqdjuq has become Qaudjuqdjuaq	[a]632]
541.	Qaudjuqdjuaq killing his enemies	[a]633]
542.	Tumiujang or lamp of the Tornit	[a]634]
543.	Cumberland Sound and Frobisher Bay, drawn by Itu, a Nugumio	[a]644]
544.	Cumberland Sound and Frobisher Bay, drawn by Sunapignang, an Oqomio	[a]645]
545.	Cumberland Sound, drawn by Itu, a Nugumio	[a]646]
546.	Peninsula of Qivitung, drawn by Angutuqdjuaq, a Padlimio	[a]647]

[1]. In pocket at end of volume.

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.