The rational of judgment... This part of the priest's attire, which he wore at his breast, was called the rational of judgment; partly because it admonished both priest and people of their duty to God, by carrying the names of all their tribes in his presence; and by the Urim and the Thummim, that is, doctrine and truth, which were written upon it; and partly because it gave divine answers and oracles, as if it were rational and endowed with judgment.
28:16. It shall be four square and doubled: it shall be the measure of a span both in length and in breadth.
28:17. And thou shalt set in it four rows of stones. In the first row shall be a sardius stone, and a topaz, and an emerald:
28:18. In the second a carbuncle, a sapphire, and a jasper:
28:19. In the third a ligurius, an agate, and an amethyst:
28:20. In the fourth a chrysolite, an onyx, and a beryl. They shall be set in gold by their rows.
28:21. And they shall have the names of the children of Israel: with twelve names shall they be engraved, each stone with the name of one according to the twelve tribes.
28:22. And thou shalt make on the rational chains, linked one to another, of the purest gold:
28:23. And two rings of gold, which thou shalt put in the two ends at the top of the rational.
28:24. And the golden chains thou shalt join to the rings, that are in the ends thereof.