The first line is marked at the water level when there is no weight on the cardboard, and then a known weight placed on the top and another mark made at the water level, and so on, until a sufficient number of 1/2-oz. and ounce-divisions have been marked. The wood should be well coated with shellac varnish before it is placed in the water.—Contributed by Francis Chetlain, Chicago.
Summer Dish Washing
A labor-saving method in dish washing for a summer day is as follows: Construct a substantial wood frame and cover it with galvanized wire mesh. Attach legs and put it in a convenient place on the back porch. Wash the dishes on one end, and wipe the silverware dry. At the outer end spread a towel over the wire and place the dishes turned down upon it to dry, and cover them with another towel.—Contributed by L. Alberta Norrell, Tifton, Ga.
Nozzle Angle for Lawn Sprinkling
Where there is no prop or water sprinkler at hand for tilting the nozzle of a hose, start to tie a knot in the hose, as shown in the sketch, but do not draw it up tightly. The hose nozzle can be tilted to any angle in this manner.—Contributed by S. J. Eddy, Portland, Oregon.
Simple Methods of Connecting Call Bells
Wiring Diagrams for a Single Bell (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)
The following diagrams will indicate a few of the various methods that may be employed in connecting up electric bells for different purposes, A, B and C representing the push buttons; D, the bells; E, the batteries, and G, the ground. The simplest possible connection is shown in Fig. 1, the bell D, battery E, and push button A, are all connected in series. The operation of the bell is independent of the order in which the bell, battery, and push button are placed, so long as there is a complete circuit when the push button is pressed. One of the wires in this circuit may be done away with by completing the circuit through the ground, as shown in Fig. 2. Connecting a bell as shown in this diagram often results in quite a saving of wire. The proper connections for operating one bell from either of two push buttons, A or B, is shown in Fig. 3. Two bells, D, operated from a single push button, C, are connected as shown in Fig. 4. The two bells, D, are shown connected in parallel, which requires more wire than if they were connected in series. If they be connected in series, one or the other should have its make-and-break contact closed. The bell whose circuit remains unchanged will intercept the current for the other bell in series with it. The operating of the bells is more satisfactory, however, when they are in parallel, and each taking current from the battery independent of the other.