A pint, quart, or gallon, dry measure, is more than the same quantity, liquid measure; for a quart, dry measure, is 1⁄32 of a bushel, or 1⁄32 of 2150.4 cubic inches, which is about 671⁄5 cubic inches, while a quart liquid measure is 1⁄4 of 231 cubic inches, or 573⁄4 cubic inches.
| Cu. In. in 1 Gal. | Cu. In. in 1 Qt. | Cu. In. in 1 Pt. | Cu. In. in 1 Gi. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liquid measure | 231 | 57 | 3⁄4 | 28 | 7⁄8 | 7 | 7⁄32 | |
| Dry measure | 268 | 4⁄5 | 67 | 1⁄5 | 33 | 3⁄5 | 8 | 2⁄5 |
In determining the capacity of cisterns, reservoirs, etc., 311⁄2 gallons are considered a barrel (bbl.), and 2 barrels, or 63 gallons, a hogshead (hhd.). In commerce, however, the barrel and hogshead are not fixed measures.
Casks of large size, called tierces, pipes, butts, tuns, etc., do not hold any fixed quantity. Their capacity is usually marked upon them.
The standard gallon of the United States contains 231 cubic inches, and will hold a little over 81⁄3 pounds of distilled water. The imperial gallon, now adopted by Great Britain, contains 277.274 cubic inches, or 10 pounds of distilled water, temperature 62 degrees Fahrenheit, the barometer standing at 30 inches.
Table of Apothecaries’ Liquid Measure
These measures are used in mixing medicines.
| 60 | minims (m) | = | 1 fluid dram (fʒ) |
| 8 | fluid drams | = | 1 fluid ounce (f℥) |
| 16 | fluid ounces | = | 1 pint (O.) |
| 8 | pints | = | 1 gallon (Cong.) |
A minim is about 1 drop.