CIVIL WARS OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE.—193-284.

Causes: Contests for the throne among rival generals (barrack emperors).

Result: Reorganization of empire by Diocletian (284-305).

WARS OF CONSTANTINE THE GREAT FOR THE EMPIRE.—310-323.

(1) Constantine vs. (2) Others, Augusti.

Causes: Confusion following abdication of Diocletian.

Leaders: (1) Constantine; (2) Maxentius, Maximinus, Licinius.

Chief Action: (1) Turin.

Results: Constantine becomes sole ruler of Roman empire. He redistricts the empire, moves the capital to Constantinople and recognizes Christianity.

INVASION OF ROMAN EMPIRE BY NORTHERN BARBARIANS—375-493.