[120] Biddle v. Perovich, 274 U.S. 480, 486 (1927).
[121] Cf. W.H. Humbert, The Pardoning Power of the President, American Council on Public Affairs (Washington, 1941) 73.
[122] 274 U.S. at 486.
[123] 23 Op. Atty. Gen. 363 (1901); Illinois Central R. Co. v. Bosworth, 133 U.S. 92 (1890).
[124] Ex parte Wells, 18 How. 307 (1856). For the contrary view see some early opinions of Attorney General, 1 Opins. Atty. Gen. 342 (1820); 2 ibid. 275 (1829); 5 ibid. 687 (1795); cf. 4 ibid. 453; United States v. Wilson, 7 Pet. 150, 161 (1833).
[125] Ex parte United States, 242 U.S. 27 (1916). Amendment of sentence, however, (within the same term of court) by shortening the term of imprisonment, although defendant had already been committed, is a judicial act and no infringement of the pardoning power. United States v. Benz, 282 U.S. 304 (1931).
[126] See Messages and Papers of the Presidents, I, 181, 303; II, 543; VII, 3414, 3508; VIII, 3853; XIV, 6690.
[127] United States v. Klein, 13 Wall. 128, 147 (1872). See also United States v. Padelford, 9 Wall. 531 (1870).
[128] Ex parte Garland, 4 Wall. 333, 380 (1867).
[129] F.W. Maitland, Constitutional History of England (Cambridge, 1903), 302-306; 1 Op. Atty. Gen. 342 (1820).