[140] United States v. Klein, 13 Wall. 128, 143, 148 (1872).

[141] The Laura, 114 U.S. 411 (1885).

[142] Brown v. Walker, 161 U.S. 591 (1896).

[143] Farrand, II, 183.

[144] Ibid. 538-539.

[145] The Federalist No. 64.

[146] Farrand, III, 424.

[147] Washington sought to use the Senate as a council, but the effort proved futile, principally because the Senate balked. For the details see Corwin, The President, Office and Powers (3d ed.), 253-257.

[148] United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 299 U.S. 304, 319 (1936).

[149] Corwin, The President, Office and Powers (3d ed.), 467-468.