[665] French v. Hay, 22 Wall. 231 (1875); Dietzsch v. Huidekoper, 103 U.S. 494 (1881); Madisonville Traction Co. v. St. Bernard Mining Co., 196 U.S. 239 (1905).
[666] The earlier cases are Root v. Woolworth, 150 U.S. 401 (1893); Prout v. Starr, 188 U.S. 537 (1903); Juilian v. Central Trust Co., 193 U.S. 93 (1904).
[667] 314 U.S. 118 (1941).
[668] Ibid. 133-141. Justice Reed, in a dissent in which Chief Justice Stone and Justice Roberts concurred, also reviewed the authorities.
[669] Southern Ry. Co. v. Painter, 314 U.S. 155 (1941).
[670] 9 Wheat. 738 (1824).
[671] 209 U.S. 123 (1908). See also Smyth v. Ames, 169 U.S. 466 (1898); Reagan v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co., 154 U.S. 362 (1894).
[672] Harkrader v. Wadley, 172 U.S. 148 (1898); In re Sawyer, 124 U.S. 200 (1888).
[673] Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123, 163 (1908).
[674] Ibid. 174. The Young case evoked sharp criticism in Congress and led to the enactment of § 266 of the Judicial Code, prohibiting the issuance of injunctions to restrain enforcement of State laws by a single federal judge, providing for a three-judge court in such cases, limiting the effect of temporary injunctions, and expediting appeals in such cases to the Supreme Court. Act of June 18, 1910, 36 Stat. 539; 28 U.S.C.A. § 1253, 2281, 2284. A supplementary act in 1913 (37 Stat. 1013) amended § 266 of the Judicial Code providing for the stay of federal proceedings to enjoin State legislation if a suit has been brought in a State court to enforce the legislation until the State court has determined the issues. Section 266 was amended again in 1925 when the provisions concerning interlocutory injunctions were extended to include permanent injunctions. Act of February 13, 1925, 43 Stat. 938.