[19] 9 Wall. 353 (1870).

[20] Ibid. 362.

[21] 161 U.S. 275 (1896).

[22] Ibid. 283.

[23] Reagan v. Mercantile Trust Co., 154 U.S. 413 (1894).

[24] Johnson v. Maryland, 254 U.S. 51, 56 (1920).

[25] Penn Dairies v. Milk Control Comm'n., 318 U.S. 261 (1943).

[26] Pacific Coast Dairy v. Dept. of Agriculture, 318 U.S. 285 (1943).

[27] Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, 1 Wheat. 304, 335 (1816).

[28] 93 U.S. 130 (1876).