[247] For the details of Adams' famous fight on "The Gag Rule," see Andrew C. McLaughlin, A Constitutional History of the United States, pp. 478-481, Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., New York (1935).
[248] Rules and Manual United States House of Representatives (1949), Eighty-first Congress, by Lewis Deschler, Parliamentarian, United States Government Printing Office, Washington (1949), pp. 430-433.
[249] United States v. Baltzer, Report of the Attorney General, 1918, p. 48.
[250] 92 U.S. 542 (1876).
[251] 16 Stat. 141 (1870).
[252] 92 U.S. 542, 552-553 (1876). At a later point in its opinion the Court used the following language: "Every republican government is in duty bound to protect all its citizens in the enjoyment of an equality of right. That duty was originally assumed by the States; and it still remains there. The only obligation resting upon the United States is to see that the States do not deny the right. This the Amendment guarantees, but no more. The power of the national government is limited to the enforcement of this guaranty." Ibid. 555. These words have reference, quite clearly, to counts of the indictment alleging acts of the conspirators denying "equal protection of the laws" "to persons of color," Congress's power to protect which is derived from Amendment XIV and is confined as the Court says, to protection against State acts. The above quoted words have, however, caused confusion. See pp. [1176-1177].
[253] Hague v. C.I.O., 307 U.S. 496 (1939).
[254] 49 Stat. 449 (1935).
[255] 307 U.S. 496, 515-516 (1939).
[256] Ibid. 525.