[40] 339 U.S. 485 (1950).

[41] Coffey v. United States, 116 U.S. 436 (1886).

[42] United States v. La Franca, 282 U.S. 568 (1931).

[43] Helvering v. Mitchell, 303 U.S. 391 (1938).

[44] Waterloo Distilling Corp. v. United States, 282 U.S. 577 (1931).

[45] United States v. Furlong, 5 Wheat. 184, 197 (1820).

[46] United States v. Lanza, 260 U.S. 377 (1922); Jerome v. United States, 318 U.S. 101 (1943).

[47] In re Chapman, 166 U.S. 661, 672 (1897).

[48] See generally J.H. Wigmore, 4 Evidence in Trials at Common Law, § 2250 (2nd ed., 1923); also Edward S. Corwin, The Supreme Court's Construction of the Self-Incrimination Clause, 29 Michigan Law Review, 1-27, 195-207 (1930).

[49] McCarthy v. Arndstein, 266 U.S. 34, 40 (1924). See also Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616 (1886); Counselman v. Hitchcock, 142 U.S. 547 (1892); Brown v. Walker, 161 U.S. 591 (1896).