16. Revised Statutes 4937-4947 (act of July 8, 1870, 16 Stat. 210), and act of August 14, 1876 (19 Stat. 141).
Original trademark law, applying to marks "for exclusive use within the United States," and a penal act designed solely for the protection of rights defined in the earlier measure, held not supportable by article I, section 8, clause 8 (copyright clause), nor article I, section 8, clause 3 (interstate commerce).
Trade-Mark Cases, 100 U.S. 82 (November 17, 1879).
17. Revised Statutes 5132, subdivision 9 (act of March 2, 1867, 14 Stat. 539).
Provision penalizing "any person respecting whom bankruptcy proceedings are commenced * * * who, within 3 months before the commencement of proceedings in bankruptcy, under the false color and pretense of carrying on business and dealing in the ordinary course of trade, obtains on credit from any person any goods or chattels with intent to defraud * * *," held a police regulation not within the bankruptcy power (art. I, sec. 8, clause 4).
United States v. Fox, 95 U.S. 670 (January 7, 1878).
18. Revised Statutes 5507 (act of May 31, 1870, 16 Stat. 141, sec. 4).
Provision penalizing "every person who prevents, hinders, controls, or intimidates another from exercising * * * the right of suffrage, to whom that right is guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, by means of bribery * * *," held not authorized by the said Fifteenth Amendment.
James v. Bowman, 190 U.S. 127 (May 4, 1903).
19. Revised Statutes 5519 (act of April 20, 1871, 17 Stat. 13, ch. 22, sec. 2).