The Dabistán, or School of manners, Volume 3 (of 3) / translated from the original Persian, with notes and illustrations

by Unknown

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INDEX

Of proper names and technical terms contained in the three volumes of the English translation of the Dabistan.

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The Roman numerals refer to the volume; the Arabic figures to the pages; n. to notes with their number.

• Aadil (Mulla) of Kashghar, vol. II. pp. 334, 349, 355.
• Aáisha, the favorite wife of Muhammed, III. [57]
  • —accompanies the prophet on an expedition—remains behind on a night-march—is suspected; censured by Ali, against whom she conceives great hatred, [100].
  • —called Sidikah—married when nine years old—after Muhammed’s death the head of a party—wages war upon Ali—taken in battle—generously treated—dies forty-five years after the prophet—her traditions of Muhammed, [213].
• Aalemgir (see [Aureng-zeb]).
• Aalem al Jabrut, “the world of spirits,” III. 239 n. [2]
  • —the highest empyreal heaven, [248].
  • —the world of power, [267], [269].
• Aalem al Malk, “the world of God’s throne,” III. 239 n. [2], [268].
• Aalem al Malkut, “the world of images,” III. 239 n. [2].
• Aâráf, its various signification, III. 149 n. [1].
• Aâyán Kharjíah, “external substances,” III. 231 n. [1].
• Aâyán Sabitah, “fixed realities,” III. 223 n. [2]., [230] [n.], [233].
• Abab, title of the king of Kohistan, II. 452.
• Abád, king, I. 20, 21.
• Abád Azád, king of the second dynasty, succeeding the Mahabadian—retires from the world—his time described, I. 22, 23, 28.
• Abadian, a sect of the Persian religion, I. p. 6.
• Aban, name of an angel and a month, I. p. 61, 62 n.
  • —the Angel of Water, 270 n., 296 n.
• Abas, son of Muhammed Mirza, king of Persia, II. 146 n. 1.
• Abás (Shah), son of Khodábendah Safavi, II. 146
  • —persecutes the Vahadiahs, III. [23].
  • —attached to the religion of Ali, 24 n. [1].
  • —reduced the Kurjis to order, [138].
• Abbasides (Khalifs), the duration and end of their dominion, II. 450 n.
• Abenama, a Saracen, translator of Aristotle, III. 207 n. [1].
• Abdal, “Santons,” III. 265 [n.]
• Abd-allah, son of Aamar, governor of Basra, III. [55].
• Abdallah, son of Serj, III. [55].
• Abdallah, son of Sàd (or Sáid), son of Abu Serh (or Jerh), III. 55 n. [2].
• Abdallah, son of Wahab, son of Saba, II. 356 n. 2.
• Abd-alah Kalabi, a Muhammedan theologian, II. 329.
• Abdallah Kuteb Shah, sovereign in a part of India, II. 70.
• Abdallah Tahir Zavalimin, governor of Khorasan, I. 307.
• Abd ’ul Khader, son of Ahdad, succeeds to his father—attacks and puts to flight Zafir Khan, III. [45], [46]
  • —submits to Shah Jehan, [47].
  • —date of his death, [ibid.]
• Abdal mothleb, an ancestor of Muhammed, clears the well of Zemzem, near Mecca, III. 15 [n.]
• Abd ’ul Kader Bédávani, an interlocutor with Abu ’l Fazil, III. [96].
• Abdul Latif Khaja, a distinguished personage of Maverah ul Naher, III. [99]
  • —his opinion upon sayings concerning Muhammed, [100].
• Abdullah, father of Miyán Báyezid, III. [27], [28].
• Abd-ul Malik Atás, an Ismâilah, protector of Hassan Sabah, II. 429.
• Abdul Nabi, a distinguished lawyer of the Sonnites, under the reign Akbar, declares the taking of nine wives to be legal, III. [87].
• Abd ul rahmen ben Ahmed Jami (Mawlana), II. 334
  • —a short account of him, ibid., n. 1, 344.
• Abd-ur-rahmen, a Maâviah, founder of the dynasty of Ommiades, in Spain, II. 361 n. 1.
• Abdur-Rahman, son of Maljam, the assassin of Ali, II. 357 n. 2.
• Abhi Chand, translator of a part of the Mosaic book, II. 299, 300.
• Abhimana, selfish conviction, II. 10 n. 3.
• Abhyasa, constant repetition, II. 124 n. 3.
• Abhyásayoga, contemplation, II. 124 n. 1.
• Abi al Abas Kalánasi, a Muhammedan theologian, II. 329.
• Ab-i-zur, “Water of Power,” I. 331.
• Abtin, of the lineage of Jemshid, I. 88.
• Abtin, receives instructions from Jemshid, I. 194.
• Abu Abd allah Jabr, ben Abd allah al Ansari, III. 233 n. [3].
• Abu Ali, physician and author (see [Avisenna]), quoted, I. 13.
• Abu Ali, an adherent to Hassan Sabah, sends a body of men to the relief of the fort Alamut, II. 437.
• Abu Ali, Vizír appointed by Hassan Sabah, in Alamut, II. 441.
• Abu Ali al Jobbai, master of Abúl Hassan al Ashari, II. 330.
• Abu Ali Hussain, son of Abdullah Sina—his history, II. 168
  • —his birth, 169 n. 1.
  • —cures Amir Nuh—goes to Khorasan, ibid.
  • —obliged to fly to Abyuverd—Georgia—cures a love-sick prince, 170, 171.
  • —repairs to Rai—to Kazvin—to Hamdan—becomes a Vizir, 172.
  • —obliged to abscond—raised again to the Vizirat—composes a great work upon medicine, 173.
  • —is brought to Isfahan—dies in Hamdan, 174 n. 2.
  • —was never in Kachmir, 175.
• Abubeker (Khalif), I. 98
  • —account of his deeds, reign, and death, 98, 99 n. 1; II. 332, 341.
• Abu Hashem, the first Muhammedan Sufi, III. 221 [n.]
• Abu Jâtir, Vakil of the invisible Imâm, II. 384.
• Abu Jafr Almansor, the second khalif of the Abbasides, II. 398 n. 399.
• Abu Jàfre Tusi—his account of the Muhammedan sects, II. 365, 379.
• Abu ’l Bashr, name of Gilshah, I. 29.
• Abu ’l Fazil (Shaikh), the minister of Akbar, ordered to interpret several foreign works, III. [92], [93]
  • —author of the Ayin Akbari—murdered by order of the prince Jehangir, ibid. n. [1].
  • —he received the sacred fire from Akbar, [95].
  • —placed confidence in Azar Kaivan, [96].
  • —his opinion about authors of books, [ibid.]
  • —composes a sermon, [101].
  • —writes imperial ordinances, [121], [127].
  • —a book of advice to king Abas Safavi, [136].
• Abul Faśel Ahmed ben Mussa al Arbeli, abridged the work Ihya of Ghazali, II. 350.
• Abul Fazil (Rais), conceals Hassan Sabah in his house, II. 429.
• Abulfeda, quoted II. 169, 173, 329 n. 1-2, 331 n., 358, 365, 383, 418 n. 2, 430, 433; III. 51 n. [2], 55 n. [1]-[2], 60 [n.], 312 [n.]
• Abul Firaj, historian of the Arabs, quoted, III. [66], 106 n. [1].
• Abu ’l Hassen, surnamed Lashkir Khan Mashhedi, quoted by the author of the Dabistán, III. [138].
• Abu ’l Hassan Alí Ebn Muhammed Lamiri, the last Vakil of the invisible Imám, II. 385
  • —his last will, ibid.
• Abu ’l Hasen Asharî, the founder of a Muhammedan sect, II. 330 n. 1.
  • —the opinions of this sect, ibid.
• Abul Hassan Sayidi, brings a son of Nazar from Egypt to Almut, II. 443.
• Abul Hassen Suri, III. [282].
• Abu ’l Hassan Taherani, surnamed Isfaháni, son of Ghâib baig, surnamed Jâtímad eddoulah, III. [216].
• Abu ’l Kassem, a name of the great prophet Muhammed, and also of Muhammed, son of Hassan, the last of the twelve Imáms, II. 383 n. 1.
• Abulkasim Fandaraski (Mir), adorer of the sun, I. 140.
• Abu ’l Kasem Hossain Ebn Ruh Ebn Ali Baher Noubakhti, Vakil of the invisible Imám, II. 385.
• Abu ’l Kasem Kandersaki (Mir), III. [205], [206].
• Abu Muhammed Mustapha, in his Life of Gusht-asp, mentions Zardusht’s works as being very voluminous, I. 224 n.
• Abu Muhammed Sahal ben And, surnamed Shosteri or Tosterí, III. 147 n. [1].
• Abu Muslem Rázi, judge of Raí, II. 424.
• Abu Mussa Jabr, ben Haíían al Sufi, III. 234 [n.]
• Abu Naśr Muhammed Ebn Turkhan al Farabí, III. 170 n. [1].
• Abu Nazer Farabí, III. [302].
• Abu Sâid al Hassan, son of Hassan, son of Suri, II. 351.
• Abu Tamim Moadd Moezzledin allah, the first acknowledged Fatimite Khalif, makes Cairo in Egypt his capital, II. 418 n. 1.
• Abu Teher Ismâil, son of Kayem, the third Fatimite Khalif, II. 419 n. 1.
• Abu Yazid, called Dajál, the anti-Christ, II. 418 n. 2.
• Abu Yezid (Bayezid) Taifer Bastami, III. 229 n. [1], 291 n. [1].
• Achamana, a rite of the Hindus, II. 60 n. 1.
• Ad, an ancient tribe of Arabs, II. 369
  • —adored four deities, ibid. n. 1.
• Adab Bhat, a Jnánindra, vol. II. 107.
• Adam (book of), the Genesis, II. 299
  • —a translation of it, from the beginning to chapter VI, verse 8, in the Persian Dabistán, 300.
  • —Variations therein, after comparison with seven copies of Arabic, Persian, German, English, and French Bibles, 301, 304.
• Adem, “non-entity,” III. [223].
• Aderian Shah, “the chief of fires,” I. 330 n. 2.
• Adhad eddin al Iji, author of the Mewákif, “stations, posts” (or theses) of Metaphysics, II. 323.
• Aditya, the solar vein, II. 132.
• Adi granth, sacred book of the Sikhs, vol. II. 246 n. 1, 254 n. 4.
• Adwâr and ikwár, cycles of years, III. [169].
• Afâali, “belonging to action,” a kind of divine manifestation, III. [270].
• Aferasdam, raising the breath, II. 135.
• Afernigan, funeral repasts, I. 315
  • —explained, ibid. n. 2, 319.
• Aflátes (Pilatus), II. 307.
• Aflatun (Plato), II. 374 n. 2.
• Afrád, “rudimental units,” III. [17].
• Afrasiab, king of Turan, extraordinary power of retaining his breath, II. 130
  • —concealed in a cavern—taken by Hum—dived into water—drawn out and killed by Khusro, ibid. n. 1.
• Agama, a work on sacred science, II. n. 2.
• Agastya, a star, and a saint—swallows the sea—makes the waters subside, II. 34
  • —his birth, ibid. n. 1.
  • —lowers the Vindhya range of mountains, ibid.
• Agathius, quoted, I. 209 n.
• Agatho demon, III. 105 n. [1]
  • —an Egyptian king, Knef—the good principle—the inoffensive serpent—Chetnuph, 106 [n.]
• Aghlan herbi, a chief of the Moghuls—how he punishes the negligence of two Moghul soldiers, III. [115].
• Aghush, the first king of the Arsacides, I. 225 n.
• Agni, or Vahni, regent between south and east, II. 219.
• Agni chakra, the circle of fire, one of the six regions of the human body, II. 151.
• Agni Pramána, “the professors of fire,” II. 243.
• Agnish toma, sacrifice of a goat to Agni, II. 82
  • —a sacrifice of five days, ibid. n. 1.
• Ahádis, “traditions,” II. 380 n. 1.
• Ahalyá, daughter of Gautama, II. 68.
• Ahankara, a sphere, II. 10
  • —three modes of it, 13.
• Ahdad, son of Jelál-eddin, son of Báyezid, receives the title of Rashid Khan, and is appointed to a command—the date of his death, III. [47].
• Ahinsa, harmlessness, II. 125 n. 9.
• Ahmadai of Tiran, a follower of Mazdak’s creed, I. 378.
• Ahmed, one of the names of Muhammed, II. 456 n. 2.
• Ahmed, son of Nizam ul mulk, sent against the Ismâilahs, II. 439.
• Ahmed, surnamed Almistali, son of Montaser, II. 430
  • —his whole title Abul Kasem Ahmed al mistáli billah, ibid. n. 3.
• Ahmed Tatvi (Mulla), author of the work Khálasa al hayat, quoted, II. 160.
• Ahnud-jah, the first additional day of the Persian year, I. p. 62 n.
• Ahnu Khushi, mechanics, I. 30 n.
• Ahrá, name of a nosk of the Zand-avesta, I. 275.
• Ahriman, evil demon, I. 9
  • —emblemed in a hawk, 75.
  • —different statements concerning him, 235, 236 n.
• Ahriman, evil principle, produced by Time—anterior to Ormuzd, I. 236 n. 354 and n. 2
  • —proceeds from apprehension, suspicion, or envy, 357.
  • —to last only for a certain period, 357, 358 and n.
  • —an associate of darkness, 359.
• Ah san Ulla, surnamed Zafer Khan, son of Khájah Abu ’l Hassan Tabrizi, a Moghul general, acts against Miyán Ahdád, III. [44].
• Ahyáyi âlum al din, “the revival of the sciences of faith,” a work of Ghazáli, recommended for perusal in Akbar’s ordinances, III. [123].
• Ajapa, a particular mantra, II. 133 n. 2.
• Aid, “feast,” III. [262].
• Aid fitr, “the feast of breaking fast,” III. 261 n. [1].
• Aid Kurban, “the feast of sacrifice,” III. [264] n. [1].
• Ajem explained, I. 146 n. 1.
• Aikáb, “vicissitude,” III. [284].
• Aín ul Kazat, quoted, III. [262], [263].
• Ajnyákhyam, the union of the coronal and sagittal sutures, II. 131.
• Aisha Girda, a Sanyási, adept in restraining the breath, II. 147
  • —skilled in magic and sleight of hand, 148.
• Aisia (Jesus), II. 297, 298, 305, 306, 307.
• Aisuyah (Christians), II. 308
  • —their creed, 308, 312.
  • —the ten commandments of God, 312, 313.
  • —five other commandments, 313, 314.
  • —seven sacraments, 315, 316.
  • —authority of the Pope, 317.
  • —Christian virtues, 317, 318.
  • —fourteen gifts of God, 318, 319.
  • —Sins enumerated, 319, 321.
  • —the Gospel translated into different languages, 322.
• Ak, asclepias gigantea, II. 80.
• Akalis, “the Immortals,” a distinguished class of the Sikhs, II. 288 n. 1.
• Akamnath, a Yogí and Saint—believed to have lived two thousand years—his speeches before Jehangir, II. 116, 117
  • —went to Mecca—returns to Hindostan, 118.
• Akas, ether, II. 39
  • —space, 40 n. 1.
• Akba Abd-ullah, son of Sâd, son of Abi Serj, III. [56].
• Akbar (emperor), his code quoted, II. 165.
• Akbar, Jelal-eddin, son of Hamayun and of Banu Begam—date of his birth, III. [49]
  • —permits and provokes religious disputes before him, [50], [97].
  • —his own creed exhibited, [75].
  • —the practices enjoined by him, [83], [86].
  • —establishes the worship of the stars, [ibid.]
  • —secludes a number of children from society, to their fourteenth year, when they are found to be dumb, [91].
  • —approves the worship of the ancient kings of Persia, [91].
  • —says prayers to the sun, [94].
  • —forbids the killing of cows, [95].
  • —invites fire-worshippers to his court, and establishes the preservation of perpetual fire, [ibid.]
  • —orders the fixation of a new sentence of profession, [97].
  • —proclaims a new faith, [98].
  • —a new era, [99].
  • —further regulations of Akbar, [102], [103], [104], [121] to 136.
  • —writes a book of advice to king Abas Safavi, [136].
  • —remarkable speech of Akbar, [137].
  • —employs men of all nations in his service, [138].
• Akhárah, a Dakhani word for a sort of sacrificial wood, II. 80.
• Akhbárin, “dogmatical traditionists,” II. 372 n. 1, 379, 387, 388, 391, 392.
• Akhbár Nabi, “History of the Prophets,” quoted, II. 367.
• Akhlák Naśeri, “a Treatise upon Morals,” composed by Nasir-eddin, II. 447 n. 2
  • —recommended for perusal in Akbar’s ordinances, III. [123].
• Akhori, a sect, II. 129.
• Akhshater-jah, the fourth additional day of the Persian year, I. 62 n.
• Akhshi (Mobed), a Persian, founder of a sect—his epoch—opinion, I. 208, 209.
• Akhshiyan, a sect, I. 208.
• Akhtaristan, a work containing the Sipasian tenets, I. 35
  • —a description of the worship and class of worshippers of each planet, ibid. 35 to 41, 42.
• Akhun (Mulla) Derwezeh, author of the Makhan Afghani, a compilation on the ritual and moral practice of Islam, III. 47 n. [1], 48 [n.]
• Akhyár, “the best,” III. 265 [n.]
• Akl, “wisdom,” its various acceptations, III. 141 n. [2].
• Akl fâal, “superior wisdom,” III. [181], [202], [203].
• Akl Kulli, “the universal spirit,” III. [283].
• Akmian, sect who kill and eat men, II. 129.
• Akni, the south-east region, II. 35.
• Aksa, name of a mosque, II. 339.
• Alabek Tóshacin shergir, or Alabek Nushtekin Shergir, a Persian chief sent against the Ismâilahs, II. 439.
• Aladed-doulah, son of Jafer Kakyuah, invites Abu Ali to Isfahan, II. 173
  • —conquers the country of Tajed ud dóulah, ibid.
  • —employs Avisenna, 174.
• Ala eddin Muhammed, son of Jelal eddin Hassan, the seventh ruler of the Alamutians, II. 447
  • —date of his death, 448.
• Alâdiliats, “the party of the Just,” I. 101 n.
• Alámah hallî, “the most learned ornament,” title of a distinguished theologian, II. 379, 380.
• Alamut, a town and fort near Kazvin, II. 433
  • —besieged by the Umrah of Malik Shah, and defended by Hassan Sabah, 436.
  • —its name changed into Buldet ul ikbal, 437.
  • —besieged repeatedly by the Persians, 439.
  • —taken and destroyed by the Tartars, 450.
• Alar, founder of a sect—an Iranian—his epoch and belief, I. 206.
• Alartúsh, name of a Nosk, I. 273.
• Alayi, the name of a wind, II. 133.
• Alburz, mountain—its situation, I. 22 n. 232 n.
  • —retreat of Zardusht for consulting Hormuzd, also the abode of Mithra, ibid. and 243 n.
• Alep, or Haleb, a town in Syria, II. 432.
• Alexander (Sekandr), supposed son of Darab, receives a book of Zardusht, forming a part of the Desátir, I. 278 n.
  • —orders Persian books to be translated into Greek, ibid.
  • —burnt the Nosks, for which he burns in hell, 279 n.
• Alhíyát (Ilahyat) shafa, “hymns of recovery,” III. [207], [218].
• Alhulíyat, a school of Súfis, III. 242 n. [1].
• Ali, son of Abu Taleb, I. 47, 98
  • —account of his deeds, reign, and death, 100 n.; II. 332, 341.
  • —acknowledged as Imám and Khalif by the Shiáhs, 362.
  • —a chapter of the Koran, supposed to have been suppressed, concerning Ali, 368 to 371.
  • —wages war upon Mâaviah—kills with his own hands four hundred enemies, III. 59 n. [2].
  • —cuts off the head of a seller of onions and garlic, [60].
  • —was libidinous, [62].
  • —Muhammed’s eulogy of Ali, 456 n. 1.
  • —his poems and sayings, ibid.
  • —a verse of his quoted, [232].
• Ali, the son of Mámun Massar, king of Khórasan, II. 169.
• Ali Ebn Abbas, Rumi, an illustrious poet—the date of his death, III. 123 n. [4].
• Ali Ilahian, a sect residing in Kohistan, II. 451
  • —numerous in India, ibid. n. 1.
  • —their creed, 452, 460.
• Alíka, “heaven,” II. 127.
• Ali Osman ben Ebil Ali el Ghaznavi (Shaikh), III. 265 [n.]
• Ali Sani Amir Saiyid Ali of Hamadan, quoted, I. 90.
• Ali Zikrihi-al sálam, surname of Hassan, son of Muhammed, the fourth ruler of the Alamutians, II. 442
  • —various versions upon his origin, 443, 444.
  • —he is also called “the resurrection”—institutes a new era by the festival of resurrection, 445.
  • —is stabbed, 446.
• Alkus, or Malkus, an enchanter, I. 314 and n. 1.
• Al Melal u alnahal, “the means of curing wearisomeness and melancholy,” a work of Sheheristáni, II. 323 n.
• Almutiah, a class of the Eastern Ismâilahs, II. 420.
• Alp Arselan, the second Sultan of the dynasty of Seljucides, II. 425 n. 2.
• Al rais, surname of Avisenna, II. 168, 169 n.
• Alrang, the angelic world according to the Sipasians, I. p. 86.
• Alráshid billah, the thirtieth Khalif of the Abbasides, killed by the hand of a Fedáyi, II. 442.
• Amara-das, second successor of Nának, II. 253, 254 n. 2.
• Amara nath, a sect, II. 128.
• Ambaret Kant, author of a mystical work, translated by himself into Persian, II. 137.
• Amedat ul matekad, “the Pillar of Believers,” a learned work, II. 351.
• Amézish-i-Farhang, “intercourse of science,” how the Abadian Durvishes behaved to society, and to strangers introduced to them, I. 141, 142, 145.
• Ami, “the Illiterate,” title assumed by Muhammed, II. 454 n. 1.
• Amíghistan, work quoted, I. 15, 26.
• Amir shir Khan, procures liberty to Jengis Khan, when the latter was a prisoner, III. [114].
• Amir ul Múmenín Karan sani, title of the emperor Jehangir, II. 277.
• Ammianus Marcellinus, I. 171.
• Amr Khaiam, his verses quoted, I. 196.
• Amral Kais, son of Hajr, king of the Arabs, a great poet, III. 65 n. [1].
• Amrita Sara, a reservoir of water at Rampur or Ramasdur, in the Panj-ab, II. 254 n. 3.
• Amshasfands (six), first celestial spirits after Ormuzd, I. 235 and n. 237.
• Amur Nuh, son of Manzur Samani, cured by Avisenna, II. 169.
• Amuzian, the learned, I. 20 n.
• Ana Gura Roshni, one of the seven heavens of the Persians, I. 293 n. 1.
• Ana hatam, the root of the nose, II. 131 n. 1.
• Anahid, a genius, guardian of the germs of Zoroaster’s posterity, I. 281 n.
• Anahid, “free voice,” I. 81.
• Ananta, a Vairagi, II. 196.
• Ananta Véda, the eternal Véda, II. 18.
• Andarímán, follower of the Alarian sect, I. 206.
• Andha-tamasa, great darkness, II. 179 n.
• Anga, part—six angas of Hindu learning, II. 65 n. 1
  • —enumerated, ibid.
• Angad (Guru), immediate successor to Nanak, II. 253, 254 n. 1.
• Anjir dasti, a Persian word for the Indian fig-tree, II. 80.
• Aníran, an Angel presiding over the 30th day of the month, I. 62 n.
• Anif-eddin Telmesani, III. 232 n. [1].
• Ankahísh, name of a Nosk of the Zend-Avesta, I. 275.
• Anna-prasanna, a rite of the Hindus, II. 56 n. 2.
• Anquetil du Perron, quoted, I. 7 n., 18 n., 60, 61, and elsewhere
  • —brought from India several Zand, Pehlevi, and Persian works—published a part of them in French, 223 n., 226 n.
  • —his account of Zoroaster’s life in chronological order, 280, 281 n.
  • —as translator of the Zand-Avesta, the principal authority concerning Zoroaster’s religion.
• Ansar, “protector, defender,” III. 27 n. [1], 52 [n.]
• Anśus, “rays,” of Brahma, Vichnu, Mahadeo, II. 218.
• Antun Bushuyah Wavaraj, a Frank and Christian, I. 137
  • —becomes a Kalander—goes about naked—abstemious and humble, 138.
• Anvari Sohili, “the Canopian Lights,” Indian work translated into Persian, I. 104 n.
• Anumána, “inference,” II. 203.
• Anushkan, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6.
• Apamána, “resemblance,” II. 203.
• Apana, “flatulence,” II. 133 n. 1.
• Apavarga, “beatitude,” II. 205 n. 6.
• Apragraha, “not to ask any thing,” II. 125.
• Apu (Apius), name of Esculapius, III. 111 n. [2].
• Aradah, numerical quantity, equal to one hundred radah (see [radah]), I. 25.
• Arafat, a mountain near Mecca, a station of pilgrims to Mecea, III. 257 n. [1].
• Aran, a class of Sanyasis, II. 139.
• Arang, “the world of divinity” according to the Sipasians, I. 86.
• Arani, plant to kindle sacrificial fire, II. 80 n. 1.
• Arastu (Imam), arranged the logical science, II. 210.
• Arastu (Aristotle), II. 374 n. 1.
• Araz, numerical quantity, equal to one hundred raz (see [raz]), I. 25.
• Ard (Ird), angel, presiding over the 25th day of the month, I. 62 n.
• Ardai-Viraf, gives an account of heaven and hell, I. 283
  • —his epoch—follower and defender of Zoroaster’s religion, ibid. n.
  • —selected by the Mobeds—his soul absent from his body during seven days—on its return, narration of what had passed, 284 to 304.
• Ardehil (town), its ancient name—fire-temple, I. 52.
• Ardashir, etymology of the word, I. 304 n. 1.
• Ardashir, disciple of Kaivan, I. 104.
• Ardashir, a Dostur, brought the Vendidad from Sistan to Guzerat, I. 223 n.
• Ardashir, a follower of Zardusht, called from Persia to Akbar’s residence, III. [95].
• Ardashir, king of Persia, I. 163.
• Ardashir, son of Sassan, restores the religion of Zardusht, I. 266
  • —goes to Kabulistan—erects a monastery, 276 n. 2.
• Ardashir Babegan, king of Persia, I. 104
  • —account of his descent and reign, ibid. n. 180.
  • —assembles forty thousand Mobeds around him—selection made among them, 283.
• Ardhanari, a sect, II. 128.
• Arjasp, sovereign of Tur, invades Persia—is repulsed by Isfendiar, I. 191 n. 1
  • —invades Persia for the second time, ibid. and 371.
  • —carries off two daughters of Gushtasp—is killed by Isfendiar, 191 n. 1.
• Ardi behesht, name of an angel and month, I. 61, 62 n.
  • —gives instructions to Zardusht, 241 and n.
  • —appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257.
  • —in heaven, 290.
• Arirfah, “the ninth day of the moon,” III. [257], [258].
• Aristotle, quoted, I. 212 n.
  • —shows a knowledge of Zoroaster’s works, 224.
• Arjunmal, the fourth successor to Nanak, II. 253, 254 n. 4
  • —collects tribute, 271.
  • —imprisoned by Jehangir, 272.
  • —dies of bad treatment, 273.
• Ariz, “notary,” I. 156.
• Armí, the most western town of Azarbijan, the native place of Zardusht, I. 263 n. 1.
• Arnil, Armal, or Azbil, a place in the East of Kohistan, II. 451.
• Arsh, the ninth heaven, III. [161].
• Arsh-i-Kerim, “the throne of mercy,” III. [283].
• Arshiya, “accountant,” to be attached to a king, I. 155.
• Arsh-i-majid, “the throne of glory,” III. [283].
• Arslan Shah, or Arslan Tash (Amir), besieges Alamut—put to flight, II. 437.
• Artang, arzhang, a set of pictures, attributed to Mani—opinion of baron Hammer concerning it, I. 205 n. 3.
• Artha, “objects of senses,” II. 204.
• Arvand, son of Kái Nishín, I. 88.
• Arzabad receives, without injury to his person, molten copper and brass on his breast, I. 266.
• Asamán, angel presiding over the 27th day of the month, I. 62 n.
• Asana, particular mode of sitting, II. 125 n. 3, 126.
• Asana pancha, “five things,” II. 57 n. 5.
• Asaph (or Assat) and Nayelah, two idols, represented by two rocks near Mecca (called Safa and Marvah), II. 410; III. 15 [n.]
• Asari, “impression,” a kind of divine manifestation, III. [270].
• Asbat, “confirmation,” I. 136.
• Asefnivas, name of Greek sage, II. 160 n. 1.
• Ashad, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 274.
• Ashârian, the Muhammedan sect selected for salvation, II. 324, 330.
• Ashem Vuhu, a particular prayer, I. 313 n. 1, 319, 321, 325.
• Ashíánah (the seven) houses of the earths, II. 346.
• Ashnud-jah, the 2nd additional day of the Persian year, I. p. 62 n.
• Ashrákin, Ashrakian (Hukma), Platonic philosophers, II. 374
  • —the ancients, who did not follow the prophet, 389.
• Ashrám, a class of Sanyásis, II. 139.
• Ashtád, angel presiding over the 26th day of the month, I. 62 n.
• Ashu (Surush), angel of Paradise, I. 285.
• Ashwan, pure spirits, I. 288.
• Ashudád, “heaven-bestowed,” I. 335.
• Ashur Beg Karamanlu, disciple of Farzanah Bahram, I. 133
  • —his precepts, 134.
  • —manner of life, 135.
• Asia, wife of Pharaoh, III. [51].
• Asir eddin Mifazzel, son of Omar al Abheri, III. [218].
• Askar, also called Sermenrai, city in Syria, II. 383 n. 1.
• Askaram, the 19th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta—its contents, I. 274 n.
• Asmání, celestial, I. p. 21.
• Aspár, a numerical quantity, equal to one hundred shamár (see [Shamár]), I. 24.
• Asparam, the 17th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta—its contents, I. 274 n.
• Assad Allah al Ghaleb, “the lion of God,” the victorious, I. 98, 100 n.
• Astarám, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275.
• Asta va Zand, Asta wasta, instead of Zand-Avesta, I. 231.
• Asterabad, capital of Georgia, II. 372.
• Astéyam, not stealing, II. 125.
• Aśvamedha, sacrifice of a horse, II. 37
  • —what understood by it, 38.
• Asul Fikah, “the science of the fundamentals of religion and law,” II. 375 n. 1.
• Aśulin, “solid reasoners,” II. 379.
• Asúlújía, supposed one of Aristotle’s works (translated into Arabic), III. 207 n. [1].
• Asuras, “demons,” churn the ocean, II. 42 n. 1.
• Asurviváha, a form of marriage among Hindus, II. 72.
• Atala-loka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
  • —an infernal region, ibid. n. 8.
• Atarid, “Mercury,” Muhammed’s arrival at it, III. [247].
• Atharva-Veda, II. 64.
• Athurnan, name of the first class of the people, I. 18. n.
• Atilia, a sect, II. 129.
• Ativáhika, “surpassing the wind in swiftness,” epithet of the subtile body, II. 178 n. 2.
• Atmá, “spirit,” II. 204.
• Atmáchand, a Sankhya philosopher, II. 123.
• Atma-jnani, Indian philosopher, III. [221].
• Atma Ráma, a Yogi, known under the name of Bahet Barvang, author of a mystical work, II. 137.
• Atuni, an aged matron and recorder of occurrences to the great princess, I. 170.
• Avach hata, “emaciated by abstinence,” II. 241.
• Avadhúta, a class of Sanyásis, II. 141.
• Avatára, “descent,” II. 17
  • —explanation of it, 28, 29.
  • —explanation of Avátars by the author of the Dabistán, 30, 31, 32.
• Avayava, “a regular argument or syllogism,” II. 207
  • —consisting of five members, ibid. n. 4.
• Aubúdiyet, “devotion,” III. [241] n. [2].
• Awen Khan, or Ung-Khan (Prester John), a Christian prince, protector of the fugitive Tamujin, later Jangis-Khan, III. 119 n. [1].
• Avidya, one of the five failings, II. 120.
• Avisenna (see [Abu Ali Sina]), his interpretation of Muhammed’s ascent to heaven, III. [177] to 200.
• Avivèchana, one of five failings, II. 120 n. 6.
• Aureng zeb, son of Shah Jehan—imprisons his father—his brother—is proclaimed emperor—defeats Darashiko—orders the execution of the latter, III. 285 n. [1].
• Awtad, “posts or stakes,” III. 265 [n.]
• Ayaá sahrim, the fourth Gáhambar, I. 347.
• Ayám, name of a Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, I. 275.
• Ayin Shakib, grandfather of Ayin Hosh, translator of the Desnad into popular Persian, I. 378.
• Ayin Hoshpúyár, a follower of Mazdak’s creed, I. 378.
• Ayipanthi, a sect, II. 128.
• Ayin Shakib, a Mobed, cuts his tongue, I. 186.
• Ayin Tush, son of Fartush, kills his father for having mortally wounded a deer, I. 184.
• Ayin vojud, “a real being,” III. [270].
• Ayu, “science of medicine,” II. 65 n. 1.
• Azád áwa, “free voice,” I. 81.
• Azadah, a Brahman, eats with Muselmans, II. 114, 116.
• Azad Bahman, “first intelligence,” I. 6, 149 n. 1.
• Azar, name of an angel and of a month, I. 61, 62 n.
  • —appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257.
• Azar Ayin, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.
• Azarbad, son of Márasfand, I. 238, 304, 305
  • —his epoch referred to that of Zoroaster, 304 n. 2.
  • —confirms Ardai Viraf’s account by a miracle, 305 n.
• Azar Bahram, ancestor of Azar Kaiván, I. 87.
• Azar Bahram, the name of the angel of victory, I. 345, 346, and ibid. n. 1.
• Azar Barzin, grandfather of Azar Káivan, I. 87.
• Azar bijan, the native country of Zardusht, I. 263.
• Azar Hóshangian, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6, 87.
• Azar Hushang, “fire of wisdom,” I. 147.
• Azaríán, a sect of the Persian religion, I. 6.
• Azari-Káus, a fire-temple, I. 52.
• Azar Kaivan, author of poems, I. 76, 84, 119
  • —his lineage, 87, 88.
  • —account of his life and sayings, 89 to 104.
  • —his death, 105.
  • —his twelve illustrious disciples, 119.
  • —called by the emperor Akbar; does not attend him, but sends him a wonderful book, III. [96].
• Azar Khirad, a Mobed, author of a book in which the Nosks of the Zand-Avesta are enumerated, I. 272.
• Azar Khirad, name of a fire-temple, I. 52.
• Azar Khurdád, name of a fire-temple, I. 284.
• Azar Khurin, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.
• Azar Mihtar, son of Azar Sásán, ancestor of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.
• Azar Nosh, ancestor of Azar Kaiván, I. 87.
• Azar Roshni, one of the seven heavens of the Persians, I. 293.
• Azár Sásan, the fifth, a prophet, I. 30.
• Azar Zertusht, father of Azar Kaivan, I. 87.
• Azizi, an author, quoted, I. 82 and n. 1, 89, 96, 101, 154; III. [203].
• Aziz Nasfy (Shaikh), III. [252].
• Azrail, an angel—his function, II. 337.
• Azrawan, guardian angel of the cypress trees—is invoked by Zardusht to protect the cypress planted by the prophet, I. 309.
• Azz-eddin Almoka dessi, author of a poem entitled “The Birds and the Flowers,” II. 168 n. 1, 338; III. 250 [n.]

B.

• Bábá Jév, son of Hargovind, II. 281
  • —why he did not succeed his father, 281, 282.
• Bábá Piara, founder of a sect, II. 233, 234.
• Bábá Rin Haji (also Goraknath), supposed foster-father of Muhammed, II. 129.
• Babeciah, a name of the Ismâilahs, II. 42 n. 1.
• Bád, angel presiding over the 22nd day of the month, I. 62 n.
  • —the 22nd day of the month, 270.
• Badakshan, country situated towards the head of the river Oxus, II. 420 n. 1.
• Badakshi (Mulla Shah), in Kachmir, II. 115.
• Badhata, a disciple of Hargovind, previously a thief, II. 283, 284.
• Badih eddin Madar, founder of the sect of Madárins, II. 224 n. 1.
• Bagh, the 4th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta, its contents, vol. I. 272 n.
• Baghantast, the 15th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta—its contents, I. 274 n.
• Baghdád (town), tomb of Musa, I. 48
  • —its fire-temple, 51.
• Bahá-eddin Zakaria (Shiah), III. [29]
  • —a short account of him, ibid. n. [1].
• Baha ed-doulah, a prince of the Búyi dynasty, II. 173.
• Baha ed-doulah, son of Taj ed-doulah, king of Persia, II. 173.
• Baharam (planet), Mars, I. 2
  • —description of his form as planet—angel presiding over the 20th day of the month, 62.
  • —angel of victory, 345.
  • —his character and functions—under what animals represented, 346 n. 1.
• Baha uddin Muhammed Amalí, becomes a disciple of Azar Kaiván, I. 140.
• Baháv eddin Muhammed (Shaikh), III. [205].
• Bah din, “true faith,” I. 232.
• Bahidinian, believers of the eternal doctrine, I. 233.
• Bahín ferah, “the highest dignity,” a work upon the sanctity of the stars, III. [110].
• Bahin neshisten, a particular mode of sitting, II. 104.
• Bahman, the name of an angel and of a month, I. 61, 62 n.
  • —gives instructions to Zardusht, 240.
  • —appears in Gushtasp’s palace, 257.
• Bahman, disciple of Kaivan, I. 106
  • —his fight with Farshid, ibid.
• Bahman, son of Isfendiar, I. 52, 87, 185
  • —throws Zal into chains, 192.
  • —revenges the death of his father upon Zal, 193 n. 2.
  • —allegories ascribed to him, 361, 362.
• Bahman Yesht Pehlvi, an epitome of the true Bahman Zand, the Apocalypse of the Parsees, I. 264 n. 2, 267 n. 1.
• Bahman Yesht Zand, contains an interpretation of the tree of seven branches, seen by Zardusht in heaven, and other predictions, I. 265 n. 1.
• Bahram, governor of Khorassan, I. 186.
• Bahram-azar, a fire-temple, I. 47.
• Bahram Gur, king of Persia, I. 106
  • —account of his deeds, ibid. n. 1, 107.
  • —one of the seven prophets, 112 n.
  • —happiness of mankind during his reign, 266.
• Bahzad, a celebrated painter, I. 205.
• Bahzad, a Yasanian chieftain, his conduct on a march with the army, I. 161.
• Báj, Váj, a rite of the Parsees, I. 296 and n. 318, 319.
• Baj-i-hamdastaní, “voluntary contribution,” I. 158.
• Báíteriyat, a branch of the Zaydiyat, II. 363 n. 1.
• Baitu ’l mâmur, “the house of delightful culture,” in heaven, III. [194].
• Baizah, a town in the province of Fars, III. 218 n. [6].
• Baizavi, surname of Naśir eddin Abu Said Abdalla Ben Omar, III. [218] n. [6].
• Baká, “eternal life,” III. [274].
• Bakhta, a place in the east of Kohistan, II. 451.
• Bakhshí, “paymaster,” I. 156.
• Bakhti, “worship,” II. 176.
• Baki Ali (Mirza), quoted, II. 140.
• Bakkal, “merchant class,” II. 78.
• Bala, “strength,” the killing of animals, II. 153.
• Bali, a monarch, sent to hell by Vichnu, II. 22 and n. 1.
• Balik Nátha, a great adept in restraining the breath—blesses the author of the Dabistán, II. 137.
• Balkh (town), its situation, I. 48
  • —its fire-temple, 52.
• Balsúkúma, a Telinga word for a sacred tree, II. 80.
• Ban, a class of Sanyássis, II. 139.
• Bandí, a Vairagi, chief of the Sikhs, II. 288.
• Bang, an inebriating beverage, Muhammed the prophet drank of it, II. 222.
• Banin, mother of Miyan Bayezid, III. [28].
• Barabrissos, or Barbelissos, a plain on the banks of the Euphrates, III. 60 [n.]
• Barashnom, a sort of purification, I. 325 n. 2.
• Baratha, brother of Arjunmal, II. 273.
• Barbud, a prophet, I. 112 n. 3.
• Bardesanes, quoted, I. 335 n. 2.
• Barínían, supreme beings, I. 18.
• Barkíarok, son of Malik Shah, II. 437
  • —called also Kassem and Rokn-eddin—his contest with his step-mother, his half-brother, and two uncles, 438 n. 1.
• Bármiânek, a magnificent temple of the Tibitans, II. 291.
• Bárnîgárî, “registrar,” I. 156.
• Barósu (Ferosu), see Bahman, III. [141].
• Baroz, “apparition,” III. [277].
• Barsom, a bundle of thirty-five branches of trees, I. 316 n. 319.
• Barzakh, “the interval of time between the death and the resurrection of man,” III. [278], [279], [280].
• Barzinkaroos, a sage, educates Zardusht, I. 224, 225.
• Barzomchin, a knife with an iron handle, I. 320.
• Bas, name of the third class of the people, I. 19.
• Bastam, a town of Khorassan, III. [229].
• Bastami, see [Abu Yezid Taifer ben Issa].
• Bastan nameh, work quoted, II. 130.
• Batardín, “enemies of the faith,” I. 300.
• Batenian (The), “interiors,” a class of Ismâilahs, often confounded with them, II. 400 n. 2
  • —their creed, 401 to 404.
  • —means they employ to make converts to their faith, 404 to 407.
  • —their interpretation of several religious practices, 408 to 410.
  • —their opinion upon the office of prophet and Imám, 410 to 411.
• Báyazid, a disciple of Imám Jafr Sadik, II. 390.
• Bayley (William, esq.), patron of the editor and supervisor of the Calcutta edition of the Dabistán, his eulogy, III. [317].
• Bazm-gah-i durvéshan, “the Durvesh’s banquetting-room,” work composed by Ferzanah Khushi, 104, 108, 119.
• Beausobre, quoted, I. 206 n. 373.
• Bedr, a place of the valley of the same name, near the sea, between Mecca and Medina; there Muhammed’s great victory, III. [100].
• Bedr al Jemali, Amir Aljíyûsh, commander-in-chief of the Egyptian troops, II. 430.
• Beh din, name of a religious sect, I. 212.
• Bellamy (John), his English translation of the Hebrew Bible, II. 301, 302, 303.
• Belfour (F. C.), quoted, II. 391 n. 3.
• Ben Shonah, surname of Mohib eddin Abu ’l Valid Muhammed, ben Kamal eddin, al Hanefi, III. 291 n. [1], 312 [n.]
• Bentinck (William, lord), governor-general of India, abolishes the sacrifice of the widows, II. 76 n. 1.
• Beresht, the 9th Nosk of the Zand-Avesta—its contents, I. 273 n.
• Berzasp, a disciple of Tahmúras, III. [169].
• Bhadra, “August-September,” II. 21.
• Bhadram, “right way of worship,” II. 155.
• Bhaga, “female organ,” II. 152.
• Bhagavat (purana), quoted, II. 15.
• Bhairava, a name of Siva, II. 219
  • —eight Bhairavas, ibid. n. 3.
• Bharatis, a class of the Sanyàsis, II. 146.
• Bhartari, a Jnani, II. 101.
• Bharthy, a class of Sanyasis, II. 139.
• Bhatakpùr, a place in the hilly country of Afghanistan, sepulchre of Bayezid, III. [42].
• Bhavan (Shaikh), a Brahman, became a Muselman, III. [89].
• Bhruva, eyebrows, a region of the human body, II. 132.
• Bhum (Mars), see [Marikh], vol. II. 44.
• Bhurloka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
  • —one of the three spheres, 13.
• Bhuvanas, worlds, II. 10
  • —fourteen worlds, ibid. n. 1.
• Bhuvarloka, one of the fourteen spheres, II. 12
  • —one of three spheres, 13.
• Biaraz, equal to one hundred araz, see [araz], I. 25.
• Bibi Alai, daughter of Jelal-eddin, the chief of the Roshenians, III. [46].
• Bida, name of Jengiskhan’s tribe, before he raised it to pre-eminence among the Tartars, III. [113].
• Bimarástan, “hospital,” I. 165.
• Binab, “revelation,” I. 85.
• Binandah, “inspector,” I. 179.
• Binavali, among the poets known under the name of Wali, II. 114, 115, 116.
• Birang, “the empyreal world,” according to the Sipasians, I. 86.
• Birber (Rajah), declares the sun to be an object all-comprehensive, III. [93].
• Birman, Birmun, the same as Brahman, I. 18.
• Bishutan, a brother or a confidential friend of Isfendíar, I. 259 n.
  • —receives hallowed milk from Zardusht, 259.
• Bîst Lad, “low foundation,” I. 151.
• Bivar-asp, name of Zohak, I. 33 n.
• Bó Ali (Abu Ali Avisenna), quoted, II. 46.
• Bocharí, surname of Muhammed, son of Ismâil al Jisfi, author of a celebrated collection of traditions concerning Muhammed, III. [53] n. [1], [57], [58].
• Bonnet, quoted, III. 240 n. [2].
• Bopp (Francis), maintains the genuineness and antiquity of the Zand language, I. 223.
• Borahs, a sect residing in Guzerat, followers of Mullah Ali, II. 451 n. 1.
• Borak, the animal upon which Muhammed ascended to heaven, II. 339 n. 2; III. [180]
  • —is an emblem of reason, [181].
  • —the vehicle of devotion, [246], [248].
• Borda, title of an Arabic poem, I. 2 n.
• Brahma, Creator of all things, II. 4
  • —whence he proceeded, 14, 16.
  • —how represented, 17.
  • —nine Brahmas, 34, 218.
  • —the life of Brahma, 49.
  • —his day and night, 50 n.
  • —four-faced, eight-armed, 217.
• Brahma chari, II. 63, 125 n. 12.
• Brahmanda, a region of the human body, II. 132 n. 5.
• Brahmans, the first class of the Hindus, their destination, II. 48
  • —their functions, 77, 78.
  • —their conduct, 84, 85.
• Bráhmarshi, a class of Richis or sages—seven of them named, II. 27 n. 2.
• Brahma Sampradayis, a class of the worshippers of Vichnu, II. 179 n. 2.
• Brahma uttama, the most excellent Brahma, II. 91.
• Briggs (John, general), translator of the Ferishta, quoted, I. 41 n.
  • —of the Siyar-ul Mutakherin, quoted, 289.
• Brissonius, quoted, I. 171, 209, 288.
• Bud-andoz, “collector-general,” I. 157.
• Buddha-avâtar, the ninth Avátar of Vichnu, II. 24
  • —when it took place, ibid. and n. 1.
• Buddhists, called also Jatis (Yatis), II. 211 n. 1.
  • —their belief—many of them traders, ibid.
• Búfastal, Buftal, “science of future events,” corresponding to one of the Nosks of the Zand-Avesta, I. 273 and n. ibid.
• Buldet-ul ikbal, a name of the fort Alamut, II. 437.
• Bun Dehesh, a work composed by a disciple of Zardusht, I. 224 n.
  • —translated from the modern Persian into French, by Anquetil, 225 n.
  • —its contents, 226 n.
  • —translated from the original Zand into Pehlvi—when written, ibid. n.
• Burhan, miracles, III. [48].
• Burnouf (Eugene), established the genuineness and antiquity of the Zand language, I. 223
  • —published the lithographed Zand text of the Yasna—revises, comments, and interprets the same, I. 226 n.
• Butgadah, “house of idols,” III. [301] n. [1].
• Buzurg-abad, for Mahábad, I. 21 n.
• Buzerg-Mehr, minister of Nushirvan, I. 104 n., 112 n., 147.
• Byasa (Vyasa) visits Iran, addresses Zardusht, hears a chapter of the Zand-Avesta, and, converted, returns to India, I. 280, 283.

C.