[25] These are: 1. the profession of the faith; 2. the stated prayers; 3. religious fasting; 4. Haj, “the pilgrimage;” 5. Zacat, “the stated alms.”
[26] Abraham, the supposed builder of the Kâbah.
[27] We find in the fifth sermon of Sádi: “He who travels to the Kâbah on foot makes the circuit of the Kâbah; but he who makes the pilgrimage of the Kábah, in his heart, is encircled by the Kâbáh.—(Transact. of Lit. Soc. of Bombay, vol. I. p. 151.)
[28] We see here the fundamental ideas of that mysticism which was formed into a particular system by the Sufis, of whom hereafter.
Section II.: an account of the history of the lord Míýan Róshen Báyazíd.
Báyazid felt himself a prophet, and invited mankind to religious austerity; he caused them to say prayers, but indicated them no determined quarter to which they ought to turn, as the sacred text says:
“Wherever you turn, you turn towards God.”
He said, religious bathing in water is not necessary; for, as soon as the wind blows upon us, the body is purified; inasmuch as the four elements are equally pure. He said, whoever knows not himself and God, is not a man; and if he be hurtful, he may be accounted to have the nature of a wolf, tiger, serpent, or scorpion. The Arabian prophet has said:
“Kill a harmful creature before it causes harm.”