490. Battle of Marathon, in which Darius' Persian host is overwhelmingly defeated by Miltiades, [See "THE BATTLE OF MARATHON," i, 322.]
489. Condemnation and death of Miltiades. [See "THE BATTLE OF MARATHON," i, 322.]
486. Darius Hystaspes, of Persia, is succeeded on the throne by his son Xerxes.
League of Rome with the Hernici.
484.[D] Birth of Herodotus, the "Father of History,"
483. Aristides, one of the ten leaders of the Greeks at Marathon, ostracized through the jealousy of Themistocles.
480. Second Persian invasion of Greece, this time by Xerxes. Defence of Thermopylæ by Leonidas. [See "DEFENCE OF THERMOPYLÆ," i, 354.] Naval battle of Artemisium. Athens burned. The Persian fleet vanquished by Themistocles and Eurybiades at Salamis. Retreat of Xerxes.
[D] Date uncertain.
The Carthaginians attempt the conquest of the Greek cities of Sicily. Gelon, the tyrant of Syracuse, defeats their army at Himera.
Birth of Euripides, the celebrated Greek tragic poet.[E]