448. First Sacred War between the Phocians and Delphians for the possession of the temple at Delphi.
The decemvirate abolished at Rome. See ["INSTITUTION AND FALL OF THE DECEMVIRATE IN ROME," ii, 1].
Athens is now the principal seat of Greek philosophy, literature, and art.
447. The Boeotians defeat the Athenians at Coronea; the conflict was brought about by Athens breaking the truce arranged between the Greek states to endure for five years, in order to combine against Persia. The result was the loss to Athens of Boeotia, Phocis, and Locris.
445.[Est] Nehemiah begins the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem.
Peace of Callias between the Greeks and Persians.
Birth of Xenophon, general and historian.
444. Ascendency of Pericles at Athens.[Est] See ["PERICLES RULES IN ATHENS," ii, 12].
The military tribunes instituted at Rome. The consulship was in no sense abolished; until the passage of the Licinian Rogations (when it reappeared as a permanent annual magistracy) it alternated irregularly with the military tribunes. See ["INSTITUTION AND FALL OF THE DECEMVIRATE IN ROME," ii, 1].
Thucydides exiled Athens.