334. Alexander enters upon the conquest of Persia; he is victorious over Darius at the Granicus.
333. Lycia and Syria reduced by Alexander; Damascus captured by Parmenio, Alexander's general, and the siege of Tyre begun.
Darius is defeated at Issus; his family are among Alexander's captives.
332. ["ALEXANDER REDUCES TYRE: LATER FOUNDS ALEXANDRIA." See ii, 133]. He takes Gaza and occupies Egypt.
The Lucanians and Bruttians defeat and slay Alexander of Epirus, his ambitious designs in Italy having been betrayed.
331. ["THE BATTLE OF ARBELA,"] in which Alexander the Great conquers Darius and overthrows the Persian empire. See ii, 141.
330. The Spartans, under Agis III, revolt against the Macedonians; Antipater defeats the Spartans and their allies at Megalopolis; Agis is slain.
Darius is seized and laden with chains by Bessus, a Bactrian satrap who soon after slays him.
Alexander captures Bessus and delivers him to Oxathres, the brother of Darius, by whom he is executed.
Alexander pursues his conquests in Parthia, Media, Bactria, and on the shores of the Caspian.