711. Tarik, with a large force of Arab-Moors, lands in Spain. See [SARACENS IN SPAIN], iv, 301.
Justinian's continued cruelties provoke a revolt at Ravenna; he sends a fleet and army to destroy Cherson and massacre its inhabitants. The citizens of Cherson proclaim Bardanes emperor, under the name of Philippicus; his cause is espoused by both the fleet and army, which conduct him to Constantinople, where he is acknowledged, and Justinian is put to death.
713. Musa, at the head of the Saracens, crosses the Pyrenees.
715. Charles Martel gains the ascendency in Austrasia; he contends against Chilperic II, the successor of Dagobert in Neustria.
717. Leo the Isaurian ascends the throne of the Eastern Empire. Constantinople is again besieged by the Moslems.
The Saracens suffer a disastrous defeat at the Cave of Covadonga, Spain.
718. Charles Martel is victorious at Soissons; both Frankish kingdoms acknowledge him.
719. Narbonne is captured and occupied by the Saracens under Zana.
721. Zana defeated and slain at the battle of Toulouse. Egbert, Abbot of Iona, translates the four gospels into Anglo-Saxon.
726. Iconoclastic edicts by Leo the Isaurian, against the worship of images, causes tumult and insurrection in Constantinople.