| Dates | XXIInd Dynasty | XXIIIrd Dynasty | XXIVth Dynasty | XXVth Dynasty |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B.C. | Bubastites (From monuments at Memphis) | Tanites (From Manetho) | Saïtes | Ethiopians |
| 800 | 1. Shashanq III (52 years) (Perhaps S— of Busiris, of Piankhi Stele) | Petasebast | ||
| 775 | 2. Pamai (at least 2 years) (Perhaps P— of Busiris, of Piankhi Stele) | Uasarken III (King of Bubastis according to Piankhi Stele) | Tefnekht (Prince of Saïs according to Piankhi Stele) | Piankhi I |
| 3. Shashanq IV (at least 37 years) (About 771-735). | Psamus (According to Theban monuments) | Kashta (Husband of Shepenapet, daughter of King Uasarken [III?]) | ||
| 750 | Predecessor of Bocchoris (Bakenranf) | 4. Bocchoris (of Manetho, or Bakenranf, from the Memphis monuments) ruled, according to Africanus, 6 years, 734-726; according to Eusebius, 44 years, 772-729 [?]) | ||
| Zet (Total duration of this dynasty according to Africanus, 89 years. 823-735 B.C.) | 5. Shabak (728-717 [Manetho]; brother of Ameniritis, wife of Piankhi II) | |||
| 725 | ||||
| 6. Shabatakh (716-705 [Manetho]) | ||||
| 700 | XXVIth Dynasty. | 7. Tirhaqa (704-664; only to 685 [Manetho]) | ||
| Saïtes (Figures according to Manetho) | ||||
| 675 | Stephinates, 684-687 Nechepsos, 677-672 Neku I, 671-664 | Tanut-Amen (664-663; reigned 12 years [Manetho]) | ||
| 8. Psamthek I, 663-610 (Psamthek I became king of all Egypt about 655) |
The numbers 1, 2, etc., show the direct succession of the recognised legitimate Pharaohs.[d]
CHAPTER VIII. THE CLOSING SCENES
[Dynasties XXVI-XXXI: 655-332 B.C.]
And the sword shall come upon Egypt, and great pain shall be in Ethiopia, when the slain shall fall in Egypt, and they shall take away her multitude, and her foundations shall be broken down. They also that uphold Egypt shall fall; and the pride of her power shall come down: from the tower of Syene shall they fall in it by the sword, saith the Lord God. And they shall be desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate, and her cities shall be in the midst of the cities that are wasted.—Ezekiel XXX. 4, 6, 7.
A great nation in its time of decline does not sink into utter insignificance without making spasmodic efforts at recuperation. Such efforts were made by Egypt in the XXVIth Dynasty, when there sat upon the throne of Egypt several monarchs who recalled something of the days of yore. Notable among these were Psamthek I (Psammetichus) and Aahmes II, under whose beneficent rule Egypt was voluntarily opened up to commerce with the outside world. These rulers built no lasting monuments comparable to the Pyramids or the Labyrinth, and attempted no conquests like those of Tehutimes and Ramses. But their reigns were marked by a period of national prosperity such as had not been known in Egypt for several centuries; and they were also notable because at this time the first recorded observations that have come down to us were made by foreigners regarding Egyptian history and the Egyptian people. We shall, therefore, consider some details of this dynasty before passing on to a brief consideration of the reign of the Persians in Egypt and an even briefer analysis of the remaining dynasties. In this sweeping view more than three hundred years are covered. During this period the centres of world-historic influence are shifted from Assyria to Babylonia; from Babylonia to Persia; and thence to Greece; but never again does Egypt occupy her old position. Her reminiscent glory only serves to make her the more coveted as a conqueror’s prize. But first there is the bright spot of Psamthek’s reign.[a]