800 Charlemagne crowned emperor of the Romans by Leo on Christmas eve.
801 Harun ar-Rashid sends an embassy with presents to Charlemagne.
804 New revolts among the Saxons and Danes suppressed. The Saxons are finally conquered. Gottfried, king of Denmark, invades Frankish provinces.
808 Defeat of the Danes by Charles son of Charlemagne.
810 Charlemagne proceeds against Gottfried in person. Murder of Gottfried by his servants and peace with the Danes.
813 Charlemagne crowns his sole surviving son Louis (I) le Débonnaire, emperor.
814 Death of Charlemagne. Louis succeeds to the whole empire except Italy, which is in the hands of Pepin’s son Bernhard.
817 Louis declares his eldest son, Lothair, his successor to the empire, giving him Austrasia and the greater part of Germany. Pepin receives Aquitania, and Ludwig Bavaria and adjacent province. Dissatisfied at this Bernhard of Italy rebels. He is captured and blinded by Louis and the kingdom given to Lothair (820).
829 Louis re-divides the empire in favour of his youngest son Charles (born 823). This dissatisfies the three other sons, and civil war breaks out.
833 Capture of Louis by his sons on the Field of Lies at Compiègne.