[r] Thomas Hodgkin, op. cit.
[s] S. Astley Dunham, History of Europe in the Middle Ages.
[t] Annales Mettenses.
[u] Einhard (Eginhard), Vita Caroli Magni.
[v] Paulus Diaconus, op. cit.
[w] Henri Martin, Histoire de France.
[x] Strabo, op. cit.
[y] Erchanbertus, Breviarium Regum Francorum.