635 Capture of Damascus.
636 Emesa, Heliopolis, Chalcis, Berœa, and Edessa added to the Mohammedan empire. Battle of the Hieromax (Yermuk). Heraclius abandons Syria to the Moslems.
637 Battle of Cadesia, or Kadisiya, and victory over the Persians. Omar captures Jerusalem, and follows it up by taking Aleppo and Antioch.
638 Mesopotamia is conquered by the Mohammedans, also Tarsus and Diar-Bekr.
639 Invasion of Egypt by Amru.
641 Battle of Nehavend, and great victory of the Mohammedans over the Persians. Most of the Persian nobility come to terms with the Mohammedans. Yezdegerd the king flees to a remote corner of the realm, where he holds a vestige of power until 651 or 652. Alexandria captured.
644 Death of Omar, succeeded by Othman, a weak ruler, who allows the power to fall into the hands of the Koreish nobility.
647 Invasion of Africa by Abdallah. Arabian victories, expelling the Romans.
649 Invasion of Cyprus.
650 Conquest of Aradus.