1284 Sancho the Great and the Brave (or Bravo). The reign is disturbed by the constant rebellions of the Laras and the king’s brother Don Juan, and the infantes de la Cerda, aided by Aragon, and supported by France.
1292 Alonzo Perez de Guzman the Good takes Tarifa from the Moors, and maintains it against the emperor of Morocco and Don Juan, refusing to surrender even to save his son whom Juan murders before the walls.
1295 The accession of Ferdinand (IV) el Emplazado (the Summoned) at the age of nine, gives fresh impulse to anarchy. The Hermandad or brotherhood of citizens is formed to resist the lawless depredations of the nobles. The queen-mother, Maria de Molina, recognizes it, and opposes a bold resistance to rival pretenders and domestic and foreign enemies.
1301 She obtains the papal recognition of her marriage, and of the legitimacy of Ferdinand IV, but nevertheless the struggles with turbulent barons continue during the remainder of the reign.
1305 Treaty of Campillo puts an end to the struggle for the succession. Ferdinand begins to reign in his own name.
1310 Trial of the Templars at Salamanca. Their solemn acquittal does not prevent the suppression of their order in Castile as elsewhere.
1312 Mysterious death of Ferdinand, as was said, by the judgment of God. Alfonso XI, an infant, succeeds. Return of anarchy in the struggle for the regency.
1315 The regency divided between the infantes Pedro and Juan, the king’s uncles.
1319 Both regents slain in battle with the Moors.
1320 Don Juan Manuel assumes the regency. Civil wars with rival claimants.