[g] T. Schiemann, Russland, Polen und Livland.

[h] Nestor, Chronicle.

[i] W. K. Kelly, History of Russia.

[j] A. Rambaud, Histoire de la Russie.

[k] Robert Bell, History of Russia.

Chapter II. The Period of The Principalities (1054-1224 A.D.)

[b] A. Rambaud, Histoire de la Russie.

[c] T. Schiemann, Russland, Polen und Livland.

[d] N. M. Karamzin, History of the Russian Empire.

Chapter III. The Time of Tatar Domination (1235-1462 A.D.)