c D. M. Wallace, Russia.

[d] A. A. Shumakr, The Czar Liberator.

[e] P. De la Gorce, Histoire du second Empire.

[f] Alexander II, Manifesto or Proclamation.

[g] F. H. Skrine, The Expansion of Russia 1815-1900.

[h] Julius Eckhardt, Modern Russia.

Chapter XIII. Reaction, Expansion, and the War with Japan (1881-1904 A.D.)

[b] D. M. Wallace, article on Russian history in the New Volumes of the Encyclopædia Britannica.

[c] Albert J. Beveridge, The Russian Advance.

[d] Henry Norman, All the Russias.