1491 Mines of Petchora discovered. For first time silver and copper money is coined at Moscow from produce of Russian mines.
1492-1503 A large part of Little Russia is reconquered from Lithuanians.
1494 Alexander of Lithuania marries Ivan’s daughter Helen.
1495 Ivan, considering himself to have been insulted by a Hanseatic city, orders all merchants of all the cities of that union at Novgorod to be put in chains and their property confiscated. This marks the end of Novgorod’s commercial greatness.
1499 The princes of Tchernigov and Novgorod-Seversk come over to Moscow.
THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
1501 Russians routed in the battle of the Siritza, near Izborsk, by the grand-master of the Teutonic order, Hermann von Plettenberg.
1503 A treaty is concluded with Lithuania. Moscow retains all her conquests, and Ivan is granted the title of sovereign of all Russia.
1505 Death of Ivan. Vasili, second son of Ivan, succeeds him.