1798 Paul promulgates the line of succession according to primogeniture, with precedence in the male line. Russia joins the second coalition against France, with England, Austria, Naples and Turkey.
1799 Suvarov defeats Moreau on the Adda, Macdonald on the Trebbia, and Joubert at Novi. Korsakov is defeated by Massena at Zurich, and Suvarov is forced to make his memorable retreat across the Alps.
1800 Reconciliation with France, chiefly owing to the English occupation of Malta.
THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
1801 Assassination of Paul. His son Alexander succeeds him. The new emperor concludes treaties of peace with England, France, and Spain. Georgia, or Grusia, is formally annexed, and a war with Persia follows in consequence.
1802 Eight ministries are established in place of the colleges founded by Peter the Great.
1804 The Persians are defeated at Etchmiadzin.
1805 Alexander joins the third coalition with Austria and England. Battle of Austerlitz.
1806 Conquest of the Persian province of Shirvan, and the taking of Derbent.