ADENIUM (from Aden, where it is found). ORD. Apocynaceæ. Greenhouse evergreen succulent shrubs. The species mentioned below is remarkable in having a globose thick caudex or stem; branches dichotomous; corolla salver-shaped. They require a well-drained compost of sand and loam. Half-ripened cuttings strike root readily in sand, under a hand glass. But little water is required when the plants are not in a growing state.
A. obesum (fat). fl. pinky-crimson, downy; corymbs terminal, many-flowered; pedicels short. June. l. close together at the tops of the branches, 3in. long, oblong, narrowed at the base, abruptly terminated by a hard, short point. h. 3ft. or 4ft. Aden, 1845.
ADENOCALYMNA (from aden, a gland, and calymna, a covering; referring to the conspicuous glands on the leaves and floral coverings). ORD. Bignoniaceæ. An elegant genus of stove evergreen climbers. Flowers racemose, trumpet-shaped, bracteate. Leaves ternate or binate. Stems slender. They require a hot and moist temperature to grow them successfully, and thrive best in a compost of loam and peat. Cuttings will root in sand, if placed under a bell glass, with bottom heat.
A. comosum (hairy).* fl. yellow; racemes spicate, axillary, and terminal; bracts comose. September. l. trifoliate and conjugate, tendrilled; leaflets ovate, leathery, glandular. h. 10ft. Brazil, 1841.
A. longeracemosum (long-racemed). fl. yellow. October. Brazil.
A. nitidum (shining).* fl. yellow; racemes axillary, nearly terminal, velvety; corolla velvety; bracts narrow, glandular. February. l. trifoliate or conjugate, tendrilled; leaflets elliptic, oblong. h. 10ft. Brazil, 1848.
ADENOCARPUS (from aden, a gland, and karpos, a fruit; in reference to the legumes being beset with pedicellate glands). ORD. Leguminosæ. Shrubs, with numerous racemes of yellow flowers; divaricate branches, trifoliate usually aggregate leaves, having petiolar stipulas, and complicated leaflets. All the species are elegant when in flower, and well suited for ornamenting the fronts of shrubberies. Except where otherwise mentioned, all are hardy. They thrive best in a mixture of loam, peat, and sand; and may be readily increased by seeds or layers, or by grafting the rarer on the commoner kinds. Young cuttings will root freely in sand, covered by a hand glass, which should be taken off and wiped occasionally. Seeds may be sown in March, the hardy species out of doors, and the others in a cold house.
A. foliolosus (slightly-leaved).* fl. yellow; racemes terminal; calyx covered with glandless hairs, with the lower lip elongated and trifid at the apex; the segments equal. May. l. (and branches) much crowded, hairy, trifoliate. h. 4ft. to 6ft. Canary Islands, 1629. A half-hardy evergreen species.
A. frankenioides (frankenia-like).* fl. yellow, crowded; racemes terminal; calyx beset with glandular pubescence, with the lower lip having the middle segment longer than the lateral ones, and exceeding the lower lip. April. l. trifoliate, much crowded, hairy; branches velvety. h. 1ft. to 3ft. Teneriffe, 1815. Requires protection in winter; an evergreen.
A. hispanicus (Spanish).* fl. yellow, crowded; racemes terminal; calyx beset with glands and hairs; lower lip of calyx with three equal segments, hardly longer than the upper lip. June. l. trifoliate, grouped; branchlets hairy. h. 2ft. to 4ft. Spain, 1816. Deciduous.
A. intermedius (intermediate).* fl. yellow, not crowded; racemes terminal; calyx beset with glandular pubescence, with the lower lip trifid, the lateral segments shorter than the middle ones, and much exceeding the upper lip. May. l. trifoliate, grouped; branches rather shaggy. h. 3ft. to 4ft. Sicily and Naples, on mountains, 1816. Deciduous.
A. parvifolius (small-leaved).* fl. yellow, not crowded; racemes terminal; calyx clothed with glandular pubescence, with the middle segment of the lower lip longer than the lateral ones, much exceeding the upper lip. May. l. trifoliate, grouped, small; branches glabrous. h. 3ft. to 4ft. France, on exposed heaths, 1800. Deciduous.
A. telonensis (Toulon).* fl. yellow, not crowded; racemes terminal; calyx clothed with glandless pubescence, the segments of the lower lip about equal in length, a little longer than the upper lip. June. l. trifoliate, grouped; branchlets smoothish. h. 2ft. to 4ft. South France, 1800. Deciduous.
ADENOPHORA (from aden, a gland, and phoreo, to bear; in reference to the cylindrical nectary which girds the base of the style). ORD. Campanulaceæ. A genus of elegant hardy border perennials, very similar in habit, shape of flower, &c., to Campanula, from which genus Adenophora differs in having the style surrounded by a cylindrical gland. Flowers stalked, drooping, spicate. Leaves broad, stalked, somewhat whorled. They grow best in light rich garden soil, with a warm sunny position, and should be increased by seeds, as dividing the roots is the sure way to lose them. They are easily raised from seeds, which may be sown as soon as ripe, or in spring, in pots placed in a cold frame.
A. coronopifolia (buckhorn-leaved).* fl. blue, large, three to ten, racemose, at the top of the stem, on short pedicels. July. l. radical ones petiolate, ovate-roundish, cordate, crenately toothed; upper ones sessile, linear-lanceolate, nearly entire, quite glabrous. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Dahuria, 1822.
A. denticulata (toothed-leaved).* fl. blue, small, numerous, on short pedicels, disposed in a more or less loose elongated raceme. July. l. serrated, smoothish; radical ones petiolate, rounded; upper ones sessile, ovate-lanceolate. h. 1½ft. Dahuria, 1817. SYN. A. tricuspidata.
A. Fischeri (Fischer's).* fl. blue, or whitish blue, numerous, sweet-scented, disposed in a more or less compound, elongated, and loose pyramidal panicle. August. l. radical ones petiolate, ovate-roundish, cordate, crenately toothed; upper ones sessile, ovate-lanceolate, coarsely serrated. h. 1½ft. Siberia, 1784. SYN. A. liliiflora.
A. Gmelini (Gmelin's). fl. blue, secund, three to ten, on the top of each stem, rising from the axils of the upper leaves, disposed in a long raceme. July. l. upper ones erect, linear, very narrow, entire, glabrous. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Dahuria, in dry stony places, 1820.
A. intermedia (intermediate). fl. pale blue, small, racemose. May. l. radical ones petiolate, cordate, toothed; upper ones lanceolate, tapering to a point at the base, serrated, crowded. h. 3ft. Siberia, 1820.
A. Lamarckii (Lamarck's).* fl. blue; corolla funnel-shaped, disposed in an elongated, many-flowered, raceme, which is compound at the base. June. l. ovate-lanceolate, acutely serrated, ciliated, glabrous, except on the margins. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Eastern Europe, 1824.
A. latifolia (broad-leaved). Synonymous with A. pereskiæfolia.
A. liliiflora (lily-flowered).* fl. numerous, sweet-scented, in a loose pyramidal panicle. Central and Eastern Europe.
A. pereskiæfolia (pereskia-leaved).* fl. blue, rather numerous, scattered over the upper part of the stems, rarely subverticillate; peduncles one to two, or three-flowered. July. l. three to five in a whorl, ovate-oblong, acuminated, coarsely serrated, roughly ciliated. h. 1½ft. Dahuria, 1821. SYN. A. latifolia.
A. periplocæfolia (periploca-leaved). fl. pale blue, at the top of the stem, sometimes only one. June. l. petiolate, ovate, acute, somewhat cordate, crenately serrated. Stem ascending. h. 3in. Siberia, 1824. Rockery species.
A. stylosa (long-styled).* fl. pale blue, small, few, disposed in a loose, naked, raceme. May. l. petiolate; lower ones obovate, sinuate; upper ones ovate, acuminated, glabrous. Stem ascending. h. 1ft. to 1½ft. Eastern Europe, 1820.
A. tricuspidata (three-cusped). Synonymous with A. denticulata.
A. verticillata (whorl-leaved).* fl. pale blue, small, irregularly disposed at the tops of the stems; lower whorls many flowered, distant; peduncles one to three-flowered. June. l. in whorls, serrately toothed; radical ones petiolate, roundish; upper ones ovate-lanceolate; stems simple. h. 2ft. to 3ft. Dahuria, 1783.
ADENOSTOMA (from aden, a gland, and stoma, a mouth). ORD. Rosaceæ. Hardy shrubs, having small racemose, five-petalled flowers. They grow freely in rich loam and peat in equal proportions. Propagated in spring or autumn, by cuttings made of the young shoots, placed in sand, under glass.
A. fasciculata (fascicled).* fl. white, small, produced in terminal panicles. h. 2ft. California, 1848. A hardy, heath-like evergreen bushy plant, allied to Alchemilla.