CONTENTS.

CHAP.PAGE
[Introduction]i
BOOK I. MAMMALS.
I.[Apes, Monkeys, and Lemurs]1
II.[The Cat Tribe]33
III.[The Fossa, Civets, and Ichneumons]74
IV.[The Hyænas and Aard-wolf]80
V.[The Dog Family]84
VI.[The Bears]114
VII.[The Smaller Carnivora]125
VIII.[Marine Carnivora: The Seals, Sea-lions, and Walrus]136
IX.[The Rodents, or Gnawing Animals]146
X.[The Bats and Insect-eating Mammals]165
XI.[The Elephant, Tapir, Hyrax, and Rhinoceros]172
XII.[The Horse Tribe]189
XIII.[The Hollow-horned Ruminants: Oxen, Bison, Buffaloes, and Musk-ox]207
XIV.[The Sheep and Goats]221
XV.[The Antelopes]239
XVI.[The Giraffe and Okapi]264
XVII.[The Deer Tribe]271
XVIII.[The Camel Tribe and the Chevrotains]302
XIX.[The Pig and Hippopotamus]310
XX.[The Dugong, Manatees, Whales, Porpoises, and Dolphins]327
XXI.[The Sloths, Ant-eaters, and Armadillos]336
XXII.[Marsupials and Monotremes]344

COLOURED PLATES.

Ocelot from Central AmericaFacing page[i]
The largest Gorilla ever captured" "[8]
African Lion and Lioness" "[33]
Wolf from Central Europe" "[65]
Himalayan Black Bear" "[97]
Raccoon" "[129]
Chapman's Zebras" "[161]
Highland Cattle" "[193]
Female Kudu" "[225]
Northern Giraffe" "[257]
Fallow Deer" "[289]
A Hippopotamus gaping" "[321]
The Great Kangaroo" "[353]

ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT.

PAGE
Pekin Deer in summer dress[i]
Negro Boy and Apes[i]
Skeletons of Man and Gorilla[ii]
Sea-swallows[iii]
African Leopard[iv]
East African Giraffe[iv]
Flying-fox[v]
Dolphins[v]
A Happy Family[vi]
Elephants[vi]
Giant Tortoise[vii]
A group of Crocodilians[vii]
Somali Zebras[viii]
Sun-fish[viii]
A young Chimpanzee (Anger, Pleasure, Fear)[1]
Arabian Baboon[1]
"Jenny," the well-known Chimpanzee at the Zoo[2]
A young Chimpanzee[3]
Head of male Gorilla[4]
A male Gorilla[5]
Young Orang-utans[6]
Baby Orang-utans at play[7]
Two baby Orang-utans. The tug-of-war[8]
White-handed Gibbon[9]
Hoolock Gibbon[9]
Head of Proboscis Monkey[10]
Cross-bearing Langur and young[11]
Male Himalayan Langur[12]
Gelada Baboons at home[13]
Mantled Guereza[14]
Diana Monkey[15]
Barbary Ape[15]
Rhesus Monkey[16]
Rhesus Monkey and Sooty Mangabey[16]
Grey-cheeked Mangabey[17]
Chinese Macaque[17]
Grivet Monkey[17]
Bonnet Monkey and Arabian Baboon[17]
Rhesus Monkeys[18]
Orange Snub-nosed Monkey[18]
Pig-tailed Monkey[19]
Chacma Baboon[20]

A young male Chacma Baboon

[21]
Head of male Mandrill[22]
Brown Capuchin[22]
Drill[22]
Red Howler Monkey[23]
A Spider Monkey[23]
Patas Monkey[24]
Wanderoo Monkey[24]
Common Squirrel Monkey[25]
Black-eared Marmoset[26]
Humboldt's Woolly Monkey[26]
Pig-tailed Monkey catching a fly[27]
Ringed-tailed Lemur[28]
A Dwarf Lemur[28]
Black Lemur[29]
Coquerel's Lemur[29]
Ruffed Lemur[29]
Garnett's Galago[30]
Maholi Galago[30]
Slender Loris[31]
Slow Loris[31]
Tarsier[32]
Head of Aye-aye[32]
African Lion[33]
An Unwilling Pupil[33]
Lioness aroused[34]
Algerian Lioness[35]
A Foster-mother[36]
A performing Lion[36]
Lioness and Cub[36]
A young Lioness[37]
A Happy Family[38]
A cross between Lion and Tigress[38]
A hungry Lion[39]
Lioness and Tiger[40]
Tigress[41]
Tiger Cub[42]
A Royal Tiger[42]
A Tiger before sleeping[43]
A half-grown Tiger Cub[44]
Tigers in Italy[45]
A Leopard-puma Hybrid[46]
Leopards[46]
A young Leopard[47]
Snow-leopard, or Ounce[48]
Cheeta[49]
Jaguar[50]

Puma

[50]
Female Puma[51]
Ocelot[52]
Ocelot from Central America[53]
Clouded Leopard[54]
Fishing-cat[54]
Marbled Cat[54]
Golden Cat[55]
Pampas-cat[56]
Eyra Cat[56]
Bay Cat[56]
Kaffir Cat[57]
African Chaus, or Jungle-cat[57]
Serval[58]
Male Serval[59]
Serval climbing[60]
European Wild Cat[61]
Scotch Wild Cats[62]
Lynx[63]
European Lynx[64]
Canadian Lynx[64]
Cheetas[65]
A Cheeta hooded[66]
A Cheeta on the look-out[67]
Domestic Cats:
White Short-haired[68]
Long-haired White[68]
Mackerel-marked Tabby[69]
Cat carrying Kitten[69]
Blue Long-haired, or Persian[69]
Smoke and Blue Long-haired[69]
Orange Tabby[69]
Long-haired Tabby[69]
Silver Persian[69]
Smoke Long-haired, or Persian[69]
Short-haired Blue[70]
Silver Tabby[70]
Short-haired Tabby[71]
Long-haired Orange[71]
Manx[72]
Siamese[72]
Blue Long-haired, or Persian[72]
Silver Persians[72]
Long-haired Chinchilla[73]
The "Bun" or "Ticked" Short-haired Cat[73]
Fossa[74]

Large Indian Civet

[74]
African Civet[75]
African Civet[76]
Sumatran Civet[76]
Genet[77]
Two-spotted Palm-civet[78]
Masked Palm-civet[78]
Binturong[79]
Mongoose[79]
Meercat[80]
Spotted Hyæna[81]
Spotted Hyæna[81]
Striped Hyæna[82]
Aard-wolf[82]
Young Grey Wolf[83]
A growing Cub[84]
Wolf Cubs[85]
White Wolf[86]
Prairie-wolf, or Coyote[86]
The Wolf with privy paw[87]
Russian Wolf[88]
A Wolf of the Carpathians[89]
Indian Wolf[90]
Wolf's head[90]
Russian Wolf[91]
North African Jackal[92]
Indian Jackal[92]
Maned Wolf[93]
Turkish Jackal[93]
Wild Dog[94]
Dingo[94]
Dingoes[95]
Cape Hunting-dog[96]
Fox Cubs[97]
Mountain-fox[98]
Leicestershire Fox[98]
Too difficult![99]
Arctic Fox (In summer; Changing his coat; In winter)[100]
Fennec-fox[100]
Domestic Dogs:
Stag-hound Puppies[101]
Greyhound[102]
Retriever[103]
Blood-hound[104]
English Setter[104]
Smooth-coated Saint Bernard[104]

Great Dane

[105]
Dachshund[105]
Dalmatians[106]
Newfoundland[106]
Bull-dogs[107]
Old English Sheep-dog[108]
Mastiff[108]
Deer-hound[109]
Pointer[109]
Skye Terrier[109]
Corded Poodle[109]
Pomeranian[109]
Scottish Terrier[109]
Maltese Toy Terrier[109]
Butterfly-dog[109]
Her Majesty Queen Alexandra, with Chow and Japanese Spaniels[110]
Sand-dog[110]
Pug and Pekinese Spaniel[111]
Fox-terrier[111]
Blenheim and Prince Charles Spaniels[112]
Pariah Puppies[112]
Common Brown Bear[113]
An inviting attitude[114]
Three performing Bears[114]
European Brown Bear[115]
Syrian Bear[116]
Large Russian Brown Bear[116]
American Black Bear[117]
Young Syrian Bear from the Caucasus[118]
A Brown Bear in search of insects[119]
Polar Bears[120]
Two Polar Bears and a Brown Bear[121]
Polar Bear[122]
Half-grown Polar Bears[123]
The Ice-bear's couch[124]
Common Raccoon[125]
Raccoon[125]
Great Panda[126]
Kinkajou[127]
Young Otters[127]
Two tame Otters[128]
Sea-otter[128]
A Skunk[129]
A Badger in the water[129]
European Badger[130]
Ratel[131]
Pine-marten[132]
Polecat[133]
Himalayan Weasel[133]
Common Stoat (In summer and winter coats)[134]
Glutton[134]
Californian Sea-lions, or Eared Seals[135]
Steller's Sea-lion[136]
Sea-lion[137]
Sea-lion[138]
Female Walrus[139]
Male Walrus[140]
Walrus and Sea-lion[141]
Grey Seal[142]
Grey Seal[143]
Harp-seal[144]
Sea-elephant[145]
Capybara[146]
Flying-squirrel[146]
Flying-squirrel[147]
Dorsal Squirrel from Central America[148]
Asiatic Chipmunks[148]
Red-footed Ground-squirrel[149]
Black Fox-squirrel[149]
Long-tailed Marmot[150]
Prairie-dogs, or Marmots[151]
American Beaver[152]
Beaver[153]
Beaver[154]
Musk-rat[154]
Gambian Pouched Rat[155]
Pocket-gopher[156]
Long-eared Jerboa[157]
Cape Jumping-hare[157]
Octodont[158]
Coypu[158]
Short-tailed Hutia[159]
Porcupine[159]
Porcupine[160]
Viscacha[160]
Chinchilla[161]
Agutis[161]
Paca, or Spotted Cavy[162]
Pacas, or Spotted Cavies[162]
Patagonian Cavy[163]
Wood-hare[163]
Wild Rabbits[164]

Australian Fruit-bat, or "Flying-fox"

[165]
Australian Fruit-bat[166]
Tube-nosed Fruit-bat[166]
Pipistrelle Bat[167]
Leaf-nosed Bat[167]
Cobego[168]
Cobego[169]
Cobego asleep[170]
Three baby Hedgehogs[170]
Common Mole[171]
Golden Mole[171]
A fine Tusker[172]
A young Indian Elephant[173]
The Chief of Chiengmai's Carriage[174]
Timber-elephants[175]
Female Indian Elephant dragging teak[176]
Indian Elephants bathing[177]
African Elephant[178]
Male African Elephant drinking[179]
Malayan Tapir[180]
Common American Tapir[181]
Hairy-eared Sumatran Rhinoceros[182]
Great Indian Rhinoceros[183]
Great Indian Rhinoceros[184]
Black African Rhinoceroses[185]
One of the same Rhinoceroses dead[185]
Rhinoceros bathing[186]
Black African Rhinoceros[187]
Sumatran Rhinoceros[188]
Mountain-zebra[189]
Grevy's Zebra[190]
Burchell's Zebra at home[191]
The Hon. Walter Rothschild's team of Zebras[192]
Burchell's Zebra, Chapman's variety[193]
Mare and Foal of Burchell's Zebra[194]
Burchell's Zebra[194]
Zebras on Table Mountain[195]
Quagga[195]
Baluchi Wild Ass[196]
Male Kiang[197]
Yearling Arab Colts[198]
Arab Mare[199]
Arab Mares and Foals[200]
Percheron Horse[201]
Hackney and Foal[201]
Ladas[202]
Florizel II.[202]
Shetland Pony and Foal[203]
Champion Shire Stallion[203]
Shire Mare and Foal[204]
Welsh Pony[204]
Polo-pony[205]
Donkey[205]
Egyptian Donkeys[206]
Mules[206]
English Park-cattle[207]
English Park Bull[208]
Calf of English Park-cattle[208]
Jersey Cow[209]
Spanish Cattle[209]
Young Gaur[210]
Cow Gayal[211]
Indian Humped Bull[212]
Indian Humped Cattle[213]
Domesticated Yak[214]
American bull Bison[215]
European Bison[216]
American Bison[217]
Cape Buffalo[218]
Domesticated Indian Buffalo[218]
A pair of Anoas[219]
Young bull Musk-ox[220]
Young Barbary Sheep[221]
Siberian Argali[222]
Barbary Sheep[223]
Barbary Sheep[223]
Burhal Wild Sheep[224]
Punjab Sheep[225]
Fat-tailed Sheep[225]
Four-horned Sheep[226]
South Down Sheep[226]
Merino Rams[227]
Black-faced Mountain-sheep[228]
Leicester Ewe[228]
Cross-bred Sheep[229]
Lonk Ram[230]
Welsh Ewes[230]
Female Angora Goat[231]
Angora Ram[231]
British Goat[232]
Female Toggenburg Goat[233]
Stud Toggenburg Goat[233]
Schwartzals Goat[234]
Male Alpine Ibex[235]

Young male Alpine Ibex

[235]
Nubian Goat[236]
Italian Goat[237]
Rocky Mountain Goat[238]
Himalayan Tahr and young[238]
Bubalino Hartebeest[239]
Biesbok[240]
White-tailed Gnu and Calf[240]
A cow Brindled Gnu[241]
Red-flanked Duiker[241]
Klipspringer[242]
Sing-sing Waterbuck[243]
Mountain Reedbuck[244]
Male Impala, or Palla[244]
Male Saiga Antelopes[245]
Arabian Gazelle[246]
Goitred Gazelles from Mesopotamia[247]
Speke's Gazelle[248]
Gazelles from Egypt[248]
Red-fronted Gazelle[249]
Red-fronted Gazelle (another view)[249]
Male Springbuck[250]
Sable Antelope[251]
Roan Antelope[252]
Male of Grant's Gazelle[252]
Group of Beisa Oryx[253]
White Oryx[254]
Beisa Oryx[254]
Gerenuk[255]
Female Nilgai[256]
Addax[256]
A pair of young Prongbucks[257]
Female Goral[258]
Harnessed Antelope[258]
Male Kudu[259]
Eland[260]
Eland Cows[261]
Bull Eland[262]
The Southern Giraffe[263]
Southern Giraffe lying down[264]
Male Southern Giraffe[265]
A Giraffe grazing[266]
A Giraffe browsing[267]
Male and female Giraffes[268]
The Okapi of the Congo Forest[269]
Head of Okapi[270]
Scandinavian Reindeer[271]
Woodland Caribou[272]
Immature Scandinavian Elk[273]
Female American Elk, or Moose[274]
Park Red Deer[275]
An Asiatic Wapiti[276]
American Wapiti[277]
American Wapiti[278]
American Wapiti[279]
Altai Wapiti[280]
Manchurian Wapiti calling[281]
An Axis Hind[282]
A stag Axis, or Indian Spotted Deer[283]
A Spotted Oriental Deer[284]
A young Fallow Buck of the Brown Breed[285]
A Sambar Stag[286]
Formosan Sika Stag[287]
Javan Rusa Stag[287]
Hog-deer[288]
Young male Swamp-deer[289]
Indian Muntjac[290]
Young male Chinese Water-deer[290]
Male Siberian Roe[291]
Female Siberian Roe[291]
Siberian Roebuck[292]
Female European Roe Deer[293]
Père David's Deer[294]
Group of Virginian Deer (two bucks, four does)[295]
A Mule-deer Fawn[296]
Virginian Deer[297]
Mule-deer Stag[298]
Young Marsh-deer[299]
Young Himalayan Musk-deer[300]
The Camel-plough, used in Algiers[301]
A White Camel[302]
Arabian Camel[302]
A Camel[303]
A string of Camels near Port Said[303]
Head of Bactrian Camel[304]
An old male Bactrian Camel[305]
Bactrian Camel[306]
Young Bactrian Camel[306]
Guanaco[307]
Llamas[308]
Llama[309]
Alpaca[309]
A Domesticated Sow and her Progeny[310]
Wild Boar[311]
Diving-pigs[312]

Javan Wild Pig

[313]
Male and female Babirusa[313]
Wart-hog[314]
Ælian's Wart-hog[314]
Head of male Wart-hog[315]
Collared Peccary[316]
A young Collared Peccary[317]
A three-year-old Hippopotamus[318]
Hippopotamus drinking[319]
Hippopotamus bathing[320]
Baby Hippopotamus, aged six months[321]
Dental operations on a Hippopotamus[322], [323]
Female Hippopotamuses[324]
A Hippopotamus Family—father, mother, and young[324]
Hippopotamus[325]
Male and female Hippopotamuses[326]
Dugong[327]
American Manatee[328]
Narwhal[329]
Grampus, or Killer[330]
Short-beaked River-dolphin[331]
Sowerby's Beaked Whale[332]
Common Porpoise[333]
Elliott's Dolphin[334]
Risso's Dolphin[334]
Bottle-nosed Dolphin[335]
Heavyside's Dolphin[335]
Northern Two-toed Sloth[336]
Three-toed Sloth[337]
The Great Ant-eater[338]
Tamandua Ant-eater[339]
Two-toed Ant-eater[340]
Weasel-headed Armadillo[341]
Hairy-rumped Armadillo[341]
Peba Armadillo[341]
Kapplers' Armadillo[341]
Cape Aard-vark[342]
The Great Grey Kangaroo[343]
Silver-grey Kangaroo[344]
Black-striped Wallaby[345]
Bennett's Wallaby and the Great Grey Kangaroo[345]
Albino Red Kangaroos[346]
Tasmanian Wallaby[347]
Albino Red-bellied Wallaby[348]
Rock-wallaby[349]
Parry's Wallaby[350]
Parry's Wallaby[350]
Foot of Tree-kangaroo[351]
Brown Tree-kangaroo[352]
Tree-kangaroos[353]
Gaimard's Rat-kangaroo[354]
Rat-kangaroo from New South Wales[354]
Koala, or Australian Native Bear, and Cub[355]
Koala, or Australian Native Bear[356]
Koala, or Australian Native Bear[357]
Squirrel-like Flying-phalanger of Victoria[358]
Larger Flying-phalanger[359]
Lesser Flying-phalanger[360]
Pygmy Flying-phalanger[361]
Common Grey Opossum, or Phalanger[362]
Australian Grey Opossum, or Phalanger[363]
Front view of Grey Opossum, or Phalanger[364]
Profile view of Grey Opossum, or Phalanger[364]
Ring-tailed Opossum, or Phalanger, and nest[365]
Spotted Cuscus[366]
Common Wombat[367]
Hairy-nosed Wombat[368]
Common Wombat[369]
Long-nosed Australian Bandicoot[370]
Rabbit-bandicoot[371]
Pouched Mole[372]
Under surface of Pouched Mole[372]
Tasmanian Wolf[373]
Tasmanian Wolf[373]
Tasmanian Devil[374]
Spotted Dasyures, or Australian Native Cats[375]
Brush-tailed Pouched Mouse, or Phascogale[376]
Banded Ant-eater[377]
Yapock, or Water-opossum[378]
Young Opossum (natural size)[379]
Woolly American Opossum[380]
Common or Virginian Opossum[381]
Echidna, or Ant-eating Porcupine[382]
Tasmanian Echidna, or Porcupine Ant-eater[383]
Duck-billed Platypus[384]

N.B.—The photograph of dolphins on [page v] was inadvertently attributed to Mr. F. G. Aflalo. The name of the photographer should have been Mr. T. Limberg, who kindly gave permission for his capital snap-shot to be reproduced in these pages.

Photo by the Duchess of Bedford] [Woburn.

PEKIN DEER IN SUMMER DRESS.