François Xavier, Saint. L Patron saint of Canada, 87.
Franklin, Benjamin (1706-1790). American statesman and philosopher. Index: Dr Heads commission to enquire into affairs in Canada, 135; his report, 136. WM Did not believe British colonies would revolt, 269. Bib.: Autobiography; Complete Works, ed. by Bigelow. For biog., see Cyc. Amer. Biog.; also Larned, Lit. Am. Hist.
Franklin, Sir John (1786-1847). Served at Trafalgar, in the Bellerophon. Headed overland expedition of 1819-1822, from York Factory by way of Great Slave Lake, to the mouth of the Coppermine, and the Arctic coast; and second expedition, 1825-1827, in which he continued his explorations of the northern coast of the continent. Started on third expedition, by sea, 1845, to make North-West Passage. The ships had to be abandoned, and Franklin and all his men perished in the attempt to reach one of the remote northern posts of the Hudson's Bay Company. Bib.: Works: Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea, 1823; Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea. For biog., see Richardson, Arctic Searching Expedition; Rae, Narrative; McClintock, Narrative of the Fate of Sir John Franklin; Osborn, Career, Last Voyage, and Fate of Sir John Franklin; Dict. Nat. Biog.
Franklin, Michael. Born in England. Came to Halifax, 1752. Elected to the Assembly, 1759; appointed to the Council, 1762; lieutenant-governor, 1766. Organized the militia of the province, 1776-1777: largely instrumental in securing the peace of Nova Scotia during the Revolutionary War. Appointed commissioner of Indian affairs. Died, 1782. Bib.: Campbell, History of Nova Scotia.
Fraser. Dr Appointed judge, 183.
Fraser, Captain. Dr His connection with the Walker case, 19, 36, 38.
Fraser, Duncan Cameron (1845-1910). Born in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. Educated at Dalhousie University; studied law and called to the bar of Nova Scotia, 1873. Appointed to the Legislative Council, 1878, but resigned same year to run for the Assembly. Again called to the Legislative and Executive Councils, 1888. Sat in the House of Commons for Guysborough, 1891-1904; appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia, 1904; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1906-1910. Bib.: Morgan, Can. Men; Canadian Who's Who.
Fraser, John James. T Opposition candidate in York County, 86; opposes Confederation, 87; afterwards governor of New Brunswick, 87; defeated in York, 108. Bib.: Hannay, History of New Brunswick.
Fraser, Captain Malcolm. Dr Of Royal Emigrants, 112, 124; with Laws on rear attack on Arnold, 130; in charge at Three Rivers, 144; repulses Thompson's attack, 145. D Grandfather of Dr. John McLoughlin, 94; brings Highland Regiment to Canada, 94; settles on St. Lawrence seigniory, 95. Bib.: Wrong, A Canadian Manor and its Seigneurs.
Fraser, Simon (1776?-1862). Brought to Canada as a child from New York state, his widowed mother settling near Cornwall. Joined the North West Company in 1792, and ten years later became a bourgeois or partner. Served for a time at Grand Portage, and sent to the Athabaska district; in 1805, when the Company decided to carry its operations beyond the Rocky Mountains, put in charge of the new field. After establishing trading-posts in New Caledonia, now northern British Columbia, set out from Fort St. James on Stuart Lake, with Jules Maurice Quesnel, and a party of voyageurs and Indians, upon the exploration of the great river that bears his name. In 1811 promoted to the charge of the Red River department, and offered knighthood as a recognition of his services in the cause of exploration, but declined the honour. Was present at the Seven Oaks affair, when Governor Semple of the Hudson's Bay Company lost his life. Retired from the fur trade about the time of the coalition of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company. Index: D In service of North West Company, 57; ordered to extend operations of Company west of Rocky Mountains, 59; reaches Fraser River, 1806, 59; builds forts on Stuart Lake and Fraser River, 59; ordered to explore river to the sea, 60; his journey down the Fraser, 60-61; proves Tacouche Tesse not the Columbia, 61; builds Rocky Mountain House and other posts, 97-98; given command of Red River department, 1811, 98; offered and declines knighthood, 98; dies, 1862, at age of 86, 98. MS Sent to explore New Caledonia, 108; crosses Rocky Mountains, 1806, and builds fort on Stuart River, 108; his journey down the Fraser, 108-110; arrested by Selkirk at Fort William, 189. Bib.: Bancroft, History of the North-West Coast; Masson, Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest; Morice, Northern Interior of British Columbia; Bryce, Hudson's Bay Company; Laut, Conquest of the Great North-West; Burpee, Search for the Western Sea.