Gowan, Ogle R. (1796-1876). Born in Ireland. Edited for some years the Antidote, published in Dublin. Came to Canada, 1829, and settled in the county of Leeds. At once took a leading place in the politics of Canada. First elected to the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, 1834, and continued as representative, with brief intervals, until 1861. Served in the militia during the troubles of 1837-1838; commanded the right wing at the battle of the "Windmill" and severely wounded. For twenty years grandmaster of the Orange Order. Index: BL His interview with Metcalfe, and his letter, 187; challenges Hincks, 218; loses his seat in Assembly, 279. E Insults Lord Elgin at Brockville, 79. Bib.: Responsible or Parliamentary Government. For biog., see Cyc. Am. Biog.; Morgan, Cel. Can.; Dent, Last Forty Years.
Goyer, Olivier. F Récollet, preaches funeral sermon on Frontenac, 361.
Goyogouins. See Cayugas.
Graham, Sir James. Sy His views on corn duties and Irish Church, 40.
Grammar Schools. S Simcoe's desire to establish, 169. See Education.
Grand Jury. Dr Presentment of, 14; protested against by Murray, 15.
Grand Portage. Near western end of Lake Superior, about twenty miles south of Fort William. As in the case of so many other historic Canadian places, it is impossible to say who was the first white man to stand upon this famous centre of the fur trade. Radisson came this way in 1662; Du Lhut in 1678; Noyon in 1688; La Noüe in 1717; but there is no evidence that any of the four were actually at Grand Portage. It is first mentioned in a memoir by Pachot, 1722; and the earliest authenticated visit to the spot is that of La Vérendrye, 1731. From that time it grew steadily in importance until finally abandoned, 1801, in favour of Fort William. The name was applied both to the trading-post on the shore of Lake Superior, and to the portage thence to the Pigeon River. Index: MS Described, 13; the portage, 13; as it is to-day, 13; in Mackenzie's day, 14; Mackenzie at, 54. Bib.: Mackenzie, History of Fur Trade in his Voyages; Henry-Thompson Journals, ed. by Coues; Henry, Travels and Adventures; Carver, Travels; Masson, Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest; Bryce, Hudson's Bay Company; Burpee, Search for the Western Sea.
Grand Pré. A village on the shores of the Basin of Minas. Stands upon or near the site of the old village of the same name, one of the principal settlements of the Acadians. The scene of many conflicts between the French and English; and of the final expulsion of the Acadians. See Acadians. Bib.: Parkman, Half Century of Conflict and Montcalm and Wolfe.
Grand Trunk Railway. C Entrusts Cartier with its legal business, 22; Carrier's deep interest in its development, 48; line extended from Quebec to Rivière du Loup, 49, 114. BL Construction of, up to 1848, 301. B Owners of said by Dorion to be the real authors of Confederation, 176; Taché-Macdonald government condemned for subsidizing, 176. E Early history of, 99, 100, 101, 115-116; Hincks's connection with, 100, 115. H Hincks makes arrangements in England for construction of, 143; terms and conditions not altogether satisfactory, 143. Md Early history, 45; financial difficulties, 90. Bib.: Brown, History of Grand Trunk Railway; Lanning, Historical Sketch of the Grand Trunk Railway in Canada: An Ency., vol. 2.
Grant, Alexander (1734-1813). Administered the government of Upper Canada as senior member of the Executive Council, on death of General Hunter, 1805. Index: Bk Administers government of Upper Canada, 69. S Member of Legislative Council, 49, 79; member of the Executive Council, 80. Bib.: Read, Lieutenant-Governors of Upper Canada.