Mackenzie, Donald (1783-1851). Born in Scotland. Emigrated to Canada in 1800, and engaged in the service of the North West Company for several years. In 1809 associated with John Jacob Astor in fur-trading on the Columbia. Returned to the service of the North West Company; and in 1821, on its absorption by the Hudson's Bay Company, became a chief factor in the united Company. In 1825 appointed governor of the Red River Settlement, and held the position till 1832, when he retired to the United States. Died at Mayville, New York. Index: MS Chief factor, and afterwards governor, of Assiniboia, 222. Bib.: Bryce, The Romantic Settlement of Lord Selkirk's Colonists.
Mackenzie, Geddes. MS Marries Sir Alexander Mackenzie, 101; her parentage, 101.
Mackenzie, George. Md Macdonald studies law in his office, 4; death of, 9.
Mackenzie, Hope. B Moves approval of George Brown's course in Confederation negotiations, 156-157.
Mackenzie, Isabel. Mc Wife of William Lyon Mackenzie, granted $4000 by Parliament, 240; at Navy Island, 424; death of, 508.
McKenzie, Roderick. Cousin of Sir Alexander Mackenzie. Came to Canada from Scotland in 1784, and entered the service of the fur-trading firm of Gregory, McTavish & Co., of Montreal. The following year reached Grand Portage, where employed as a clerk. Accompanied his cousin to the far West in 1786; built the original Fort Chipewyan, on the south shore of Lake Athabaska, in 1788; and in charge of the post during Alexander Mackenzie's expeditions of 1789 and 1792 to the Arctic and Pacific. In 1797, on his way to Montreal, after a long absence, rediscovered the old Kaministiquia route, first discovered by the French many years before, but afterwards abandoned. Became a partner of the North West Company, 1799; and signed the Montreal agreement of 1804 by which the X Y Company was absorbed by the North West Company. A year or two later retired from the fur trade, and began gathering material for a history of the North West Company. The work was never published, nor even completed, but many of the original journals which were to have formed its basis are included in Masson's Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest. Settled at Terrebonne, in Lower Canada, and became a member of the Legislative Council of the province. Index: MS Joins X Y Company, 14; friendly rivalry with McGillivray (North West Company) in English River department, 15; at Île à la Crosse, 16; brings news of death of Ross to Grand Portage, 16; joins his cousin Alexander Mackenzie in Athabaska department, 23; their friendship, 23; his Reminiscences, 24; builds Fort Chipewyan, 24; plans library there, 26; winters there, 1788-1789, 27; at Chipewyan, 53; goes down to Grand Portage, 53; sent to Great Slave Lake, 54. Bib.: Reminiscences in Masson, Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest; Bryce, Hudson's Bay Company; Burpee, Search for the Western Sea.
Mackenzie, William Lyon (1795-1861). Mc His personality, Goldwin Smith on, 3; Dr. Harrison on, 4; W. J. Rattray on, 5, 6; first to enunciate principle of responsible government, 5; "a man ahead of his time," 6; his loyalty, 10; not an annexationist, 11; constitutional reformer, 12; parentage and ancestry, 34-36; defends himself from charges of disloyalty, 36-38; books read by him from 1806 to 1809, 40, 41; enters commerce, 41, 42; goes to Canada, 43; physical description of, 43; joins survey of Lachine Canal, 44; enters business with John Lesslie, 44; moves to Queenston, 44; marries, 45; declares war on Constitutional Act, 72; starts Colonial Advocate, 85; describes Upper Canada in 1820, 85-87; warns Canadians against union with United States, 87, 97; attitude on Clergy Reserves, 94; advocates provincial university, 95; reforms advocated by, which have come into effect, 97, 98; defends himself against disloyalty charge, 98-101; advocates federation of all North American colonies, 104, 105; moves to York, 106; pictures life of editors, 111; assists to bring about a party revolution, 112; mob destroys Colonial Advocate, 113; Macaulay offers damages, 115; personal attacks, 117-120; Macaulay's treatment of, 121-123; retaliates, 124, 125; answers Macaulay's pamphlet, 126; gets £625 damages, 129; refuses to prosecute criminally, 129; indicted for libel, 130; prosecution abandoned, 135; friendship of Robert Randal, 138; secures Randal's mission to England, 139; advocates responsible government, 146, 148; elected for York, 150; moves committal of Allan MacNab, 152; chairman of committee on post-office, 153; chairman of committee on privileges of House, 154; carries many motions and addresses, 154; introduces Thirty-two Resolutions, 155; opinions stated, 156; visits New York, 157; letter in National Gazette, 158; supports Robert Baldwin, 159; chairman of committee on banking, 161, 162; moves Libel Bill, 162, 163; letters to Sir John Colborne, 164; advocates responsible government, 166, 167; appeal to the people of Upper Canada, 168; re-elected for York, 169; banks oppose, 170; gets committee on state of representation, 171; committee reports, 175; he prints journals of House, 172; accused of printing libel on House, 175; arouses Upper Canada, 176, 177; visits Quebec, 178; first expulsion from Assembly, 181-201; libel complained of, 182, 183; his speech in his defence, 185; House refuses committee of inquiry, 201; petitions to the governor, 203; governor's answer, 203; backed up by the people, 204; again elected, 205; presented by constituents with gold medal, 205; second expulsion moved, 207; defends himself, 209; expelled a second time, 209; appeals to electors, 210-213; again elected, 215; attempt to assassinate, 219; Colonial Advocate office again attacked, 221; his mission to England, 221; estimate of Earl Grey, 221; his friendship with Joseph Hume, 222; introduces George Ryerson to Lord Goderich, 223; offered management of post-office department, 225; prepares statement for minister, 226; reply to Lord Goderich, 227; concessions obtained, 227-230; third expulsion, 232, 242; secures dismissal of Boulton and Hagerman, 232; scheme of post-office reform, 236; asks control of post-office revenue for Canadians, 236; obtains veto of Bank Charter Acts, 237; introduces Egerton Ryerson to colonial office, 238; publishes Sketches of Canada and the United States, 238; visits Scotland, 239; pays old creditors, 239; refuses banquets in Montreal and Quebec, 240; left to pay his own expenses, 240; unanimously re-elected for the third time, 242; not permitted to take oath, 242; new election ordered, 244; unanimously re-elected for the fourth time, 244; ejected from the House, 245; governor orders that he be allowed to take oath, 248; takes the oath, 251; again ejected from the House, 252; first mayor of Toronto, 255; designs city arms, 256; helps cholera patients, 256; takes cholera, 257; defeated for second mayoralty term, 257; forms Canadian Alliance Society, 258; retires from journalism, 259; estimate of, as a journalist, 260; again elected for York, 261; obtains select "Committee on Grievances," 263; obtains committee on Welland canal, 264; appointed director, 264; anticipates official report of canal committee, 265; sued for libel, 265; report of "Committee on Grievances," 270; urges responsible government, 279; visits Quebec, 287; meets Papineau, 288; opposes British restraint on trade, 292; anticipates Reciprocity Treaty, 292; defeated for the House, 308; claims the election was unfair, 309-314; insulted by Tory press, 317; his replies, 318; visits New York, 320; begins the Constitution, 320; "Declaration of Independence" of Upper Canada, 329, 330; meetings at Doel's brewery, 330-332; becomes agent of convention committee, 332; addresses nearly two hundred public meetings, 333-338; advises run on Bank of Upper Canada, 340; second meeting at Doel's brewery, 346; urges seizing arms and proclaiming provisional government, 349; drafts constitution, 355; organizes Rebellion, 359; warrant issued for his arrest, 360; tries to correct Rolph's mistake, 361; his advice disregarded, 362; sets out for the city, 363; again proposes to march on the city, 366; meets Head's flag of truce, 367, 368; urges Lount to march into the city, 371; skirmish at Montgomery's tavern, 379; ransom offered for, 380; account of his escape, 381 et seq.; addresses Buffalo audience, 411; meets Van Rensselaer, 412; Head seeks his extradition, 414; occupies Navy Island, 415; president of provisional government, 416; arrested at Buffalo, 424; threats of assassination, 428; abandons Van Rensselaer, 430; visits New York and Philadelphia, 433; begins Mackenzie's Gazette, 433; no connection with later frontier movements, 439, 444, 446; moves to Rochester, 448; forms association of Canadian refugees, 448; tried for breach of neutrality laws, 452; found guilty, 454; his sentence, 454; rigorous treatment in gaol, 455-458; released, 459; publishes Caroline Almanac, 459; his exchange attempted, 463; attempts to kidnap him, 464; publishes Volunteer, 467; moves to New York, 468; appointed to Mechanics' Institute, 468; publishes Lives of one Thousand Remarkable Irishmen, 469; publishes the Examiner, 470; appointed to New York customs house, 470; publishes Lives of Butler and Hoyt, in 1845, 471; and Life and Times of Martin Van Buren, 1846, 472; goes on Tribune, 472; Hume's letter to, 475; writes to Earl Grey, 479; amnestied, 480; visits Toronto, 481; brings family back, 486; elected for Haldimand, 486; his relations with George Brown, 487; his work in Parliament, 492; again elected for Haldimand, 497; resigns, 498; later parliamentary life, 500; love of his children, 504; Buchanan's proffered friendship, 504; Robert Hay's generosity, 505; offered office, 505; publishes Mackenzie's Message, 505; friends purchase homestead for, 505; financial difficulties, 506; declining health, 506; death of, Aug. 28, 1861, 507; funeral, 507, 508; one of the founders of St. Andrew's Church, 507; tributes of the press, 509-523. Md Leads Rebellion of 1837 in Upper Canada, 7; supports Brown in his quarrel with Macdonald, 81. R Views on relation of church and state in 1824, 45; his work for popular government, 66; his policy, 111; his "Seventh Report on Grievances," 112; opposes separate schools, 224. B His return to Canada, 36; burnt in effigy at Toronto, 36; defeats George Brown in Haldimand, 40, 44, 46; his resolution for abolition of Court of Chancery, 47. BL His parentage, 12; early days in Canada, 12, 13; in politics, 13-16, 26, 27, 33; aids Baldwin to secure seat in Legislature, 31; organizes revolutionary clubs, etc., 43; his proposed constitution for Upper Canada, 43; plans attack on Toronto by rebels, 43; described as a "mountebank," 120; his correspondence with Hume and Roebuck, 229; founds Canadian Alliance Association, 1834, 229; returns to Canada, 312, 318, 319; one of the leaders of the new Radicalism, 340-341; brings in motion to abolish Court of Chancery, 352. Sy Reform party falsely identified with his proceedings, 85, 138. E And the Rebellion of 1837, 17; leads Radical wing of Liberal party, in Upper Canada, 21, 22; and parliamentary government, 51; and MacNab, 75, 76; returns from his exile, 91; causes of his failure as a political leader, 91-93; proposes abolition of Court of Chancery, 103, 112; defeats George Brown, 113; attacks the government, 127; aftermath of the Rebellion, 190. P His correspondence with Papineau, 189. H Effect of his action in Upper Canada, upon popular party, in Nova Scotia, 49. Bib.: Works: Life and Times of Martin Van Buren; Life and Opinions of B. F. Butler; Sketches of Canada and the United States. For biog., see Morgan, Cel. Can.; Lindsey, Life and Times of W. L. McKenzie; Dent, Can. Por., Upper Canadian Rebellion, and Last Forty Years; King, Other Side of the Story; Read, Rebellion of 1837. See also Rebellion of 1837 (Upper Canada.)
Mackenzie River. Named after Sir Alexander Mackenzie, who explored it from Great Slave Lake to the Arctic in 1789. It was known at one time as Disappointment River. Its ultimate source is in Thutage Lake, the headwaters of the Finlay in northern British Columbia. Its total length from Thutage Lake to the sea is 2525 miles. The Hudson's Bay Company has the following trading-posts on the main stream: Fort Providence, near entrance of Great Slave Lake; Fort Simpson, at the mouth of the Liard; Fort Wrigley, in lat. 63°; Fort Norman, at the mouth of Great Bear River; Fort Good Hope near the Ramparts; and Fort MacPherson on Peel River. The Company now operates a steamer from Fort Smith, on Slave River, to the Arctic Ocean. Index: MS Alexander Mackenzie discovers and explores, 37-48; "Great River," 53; Mackenzie refers to as "River Disappointment," 55. Bib.: Mackenzie, Voyages; Franklin, Narrative of Second Expedition; Richardson, Arctic Searching Expedition; Cameron, The New North.
Mackenzie's Message. Published at Toronto. Index: Mc Newspaper, published 1853, 505.
McKim, R. P. T Assists at funeral service of Sir Leonard Tilley, 146.