Peyras, Jean Baptiste. F Member of Sovereign Council, 106; visits Acadia, 271. L Appointed to Sovereign Council, 166.
Philadelphia. S British army evacuates, 25. Hd Spirit of rebellion strong in, 104.
Philipps, Richard (1661-1751). Early entered the army. Served at the battle of the Boyne; lieutenant-colonel, 1712; governor of Nova Scotia, 1717. Arrived in Nova Scotia, 1720, and remained until 1722. Again visited Nova Scotia for a short time, returning to England, 1731. Arranged for a lieutenant-governor to act during his absence. Did not return to Nova Scotia, but continued to draw full pay as governor until 1849. Bib.: Murdoch, History of Nova Scotia; Campbell, History of Nova Scotia; Selections from the Public Documents of Nova Scotia, ed. by Akins.
Phillips, Mary. Dr Sister-in-law of Colonel Beverley Robinson, becomes wife of Colonel Morris, 202.
Phillips, William (1731-1781). Born in England. Entered the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich as a cadet, 1746; promoted captain, 1756; commanded three companies of British artillery attached to the Duke of Brunswick's army, at Minden, 1759; served also at Warberg, 1760. In 1772 became colonel and in 1776 sent to Canada on the staff of General Burgoyne; in command of the artillery at the battles of Skenesborough, near Ticonderoga, and Mount Independence, at both of which distinguished himself; afterwards promoted major-general; in 1777 took a leading part in the two battles which led to the capitulation at Saratoga. Index: Dr Comes out with Burgoyne, 152; disappointed that Crown Point not occupied, 159. Bib.: Dict. Nat. Biog.
Phipps, Sir William (1651-1695). Born in Maine. In 1669, employed as a ship carpenter, and later became captain of a merchantman sailing from Boston. In 1687 succeeded in raising a Spanish treasure-ship which had been sunk near the Bahamas, recovering £300,000, of which his share was £16,000. Knighted the same year, and given the office of provost-marshal of New England. In 1690 commanded an expedition against Acadia, and captured Port Royal. His expedition the same year against Quebec met with failure. In 1692 appointed governor of Massachusetts, with a special commission to take aggressive measures against the French in Canada, but accomplished little. Summoned to England in 1694 to account for his administration, but died before the inquiry was held. Index: F Birth and early life, 272; conducts expedition against Acadia, 273; captures Port Royal, but violates terms of surrender, 274; ravages committed by his men, 274; captures other Acadian posts, and establishes government, 275; returns to Boston with prisoners and booty, 176; sails from Nantasket, 279; arrives at Quebec, 282; demands surrender, 285-287; his attack repulsed, 295; decides on retreat, 299; his estimate of his losses, 302; disastrous return voyage, 303; goes to England, 315; returns as governor of Massachusetts, 328; recall and death of, 331. L Commands expedition against Quebec, 11, 229-231; is forced to retreat, 231. Bib.: Dict. Nat. Biog.; Cyc. Am. Biog.; Parkman, Frontenac.
Piat, Father. Ch Récollet, sails for France, 141; goes on mission to Montagnais, 149; complains of negligence of trading company, 150; recommends seminary for young Indians, 150.
Pichon, Thomas. A native of France; in early life a medical student. Secretary to the governor of Louisbourg, 1751-1753. Sent to Fort Beauséjour as commissary of stores. Furnished information to the British, which was of great assistance in the capture of the place. Acted as a spy for the British while confined with the French prisoners held at Halifax. Went to London, 1758; resided there until his death, 1781. Bib.: Murdoch, History of Nova Scotia; Selections from the Public Documents of Nova Scotia, ed. by Akins.
Pickard, John. T Candidate in York, New Brunswick, 95; defeated, 96, 108.
Pickering, Timothy (1745-1829). Joined the revolutionary army; appointed adjutant-general, 1776, and took part in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. In 1790 sent on a commission to the Seneca Indians, and arranged a treaty. In 1795 secretary of war, an office which also included Indian affairs; later secretary of state in the administration of John Adams; dismissed in 1800, and returned to Massachusetts, where he was appointed chief-justice of the Court of Common Pleas, 1802. Index: S American commissioner to treat with Indians, 123; entertained at Navy Hall by Simcoe, 184, 229. Bk Massachusetts Senator, his toast to Great Britain, 172. Bib.: Cyc. Am. Biog.