Rolette, Lieutenant. Bk Captures schooner Cayahoga with stores and baggage of General Hull, 218, 243; in command of brig Detroit captured by Americans, 292.
Rollet, Marie. Ch Wife of Louis Hébert, 112, 146.
Rolph, John (1792-1870). Born in Thornbury, England. Emigrated to Canada. Practised as a physician in Toronto, and in 1837 took part in the Rebellion. Connected with Mackenzie in the attempt to capture Toronto. After the collapse of the movement fled to the United States, where he practised for some years. Pardoned and returned to Canada, 1843; settled in Toronto. Joined with Lesslie, Perry, and others in forming the Clear Grit party; founded a medical school in Toronto; commissioner of crown lands in the Hincks-Morin ministry, 1851; resigned from the government, 1854, and joined the opposition; retired from public life, 1857. Index: Mc Defends Judge Willis, 133; moves address, 151; brings Gurnett to bar, 152; appointed executive councillor, 294; resigns, 294; prepares answer to Governor Head, 298; exposes opposition to Mackenzie's petition, 311; prevented from speaking in the House, 319; speech ridiculing Governor Head's exculpation by House, 323; pens "Declaration of Independence," 330; does not sign, 331; to be "sole executive" of Rebellion movement, 350; changes day of rising, 361; meets Mackenzie, 362; accompanies flag of truce, 368; advises Lount to advance, 371; second flag of truce, 371; leaves for the United States, 375; on Navy Island, 413; declines treasurership, 416; amnestied, 474. BL Fight for reform, 13; appointed to Executive Council by Head, 38-39; joint organizer of Rebellion of 1837, with Mackenzie, 43; changes date of rising, 43; sent by Head to the rebels, 44; tells Lount to pay no attention to Head's message, 44-45; his exile and return, a leader of the new Radicalism, 340-341. E One of the leaders of the movement that ended in the Rebellion of 1837, 110; a conspicuous member of the Clear Grit party, 110; invited by Hincks to a seat in Cabinet, 1851, 112; becomes commissioner of crown lands, 113; president of Executive Council, 1863, 126; votes against his colleagues, 136. B A leader of the Clear Grits, 39; plays a leading part in movement for reform before the Rebellion, 39. R Member for Middlesex in Upper Canada Assembly, 65-66. Bib.: Dent, Upper Canadian Rebellion and Last Forty Years; Dict. Nat. Biog. See also Rebellion of 1837, Upper Canada.
Roman Catholic Church. The first authentic landmark in the history of the Roman Catholic Church in Canada is the arrival of several Jesuit missionaries in Acadia in 1611. The Récollets first came to Quebec in 1615, and the Jesuits in 1625. In 1657 the Sulpicians arrived in Montreal, and the following year Canada was made a Vicariate Apostolic. The Jesuit missionaries explored the most distant parts of the continent, in labouring among the Indians. Laval, the first vicar-apostolic of New France, arrived in Quebec in 1659. In 1674 Quebec was made a diocese, and Laval became the first bishop. After 1818 Canada was divided into the dioceses of Nova Scotia, Upper Canada, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton, and the North-West. In 1841 the chapter of Montreal was established, and in 1874 the diocese of Quebec was subdivided into eight dioceses. The first cardinal of Canada was Archbishop Taschereau. Index: Sy Its members excluded from certain civil privileges, 63. Dr Attitude of British government towards, 21, 57, 58; full privileges conceded to, by Quebec Act, 64. S Free exercise of religion guaranteed by Constitutional Act, 12. WM Important part played by Roman Catholicism in Quebec, 16. Bk Faithful to British rule, 47. B Relations with George Brown, x, 44-46; 48-49, 61, 121-128; position and political sympathies in Upper Canada, 125. Bib.: O'Leary, Roman Catholic Church in Quebec; Harris, Roman Catholic Church in Ontario; Cameron, Catholic Church in Maritime Provinces in Canada: An Ency., vol. 2.
Rooseboom, Johannes. F Of Albany, carries goods to Lake Indians, 201.
Roquemaure. WM Montcalm's early childhood spent at, 3.
Roquemont, Claude de, Sieur de Brison. Ch Assists in forming Company of New France, 168; comes out in command of ships, 172; encounters English vessels under David Kirke in the St. Lawrence, 173; his conduct criticized, 175.
Rose, Sir John (1820-1888). Born in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Educated there. In 1836 emigrated to Canada, and served during the Rebellion of 1837. Studied law; called to the bar, 1842, and practised in Montreal for several years. A member of the Legislative Assembly, 1857-1861; solicitor-general for Lower Canada, 1857-1858; and commissioner of public works, 1859-1861. Appointed a commissioner for the settlement of claims under the Oregon Treaty, 1864. Minister of finance in first Dominion government. In 1870 sent by the British government on a mission to the United States, which led to the treaty of Washington. Made K.C.M.G., 1870; created a baronet, 1872; privy councillor, 1886; G.C.M.G., 1878. Index: C Goes to England with Cartier and Galt, in connection with Confederation, 57; Montreal banquet to, 92. H Sir John Macdonald asks Joseph Howe to discuss financial terms of Nova Scotia with, 215; confers with Howe and A. W. McLellan at Portland, 223. E Signs Annexation Manifesto, 81. Md Succeeds Galt as finance minister, 136; resigns a year later, 136; letter to, from Macdonald, on Riel, 160-161; also on Washington Treaty, 184-185. T Goes to England with Cartier and Galt, 63; succeeds Galt as minister of finance, 130. Bib.: Dict. Nat. Biog.; Morgan, Cel. Can.; Dent, Can. Por. and Last Forty Years.
Rosebery, Archibald Philip Primrose, Earl of (1847- ). Born in London. Educated at Eton and Oxford. In 1881-1883 under-secretary for the home office; in 1885 lord privy seal; and later chief commissioner of works; secretary for foreign affairs in Gladstone's administration, 1886 and 1892-1894. Became prime minister, 1894, on the retirement of Gladstone. Index: Md Secretary of state for foreign affairs, 332; his speech at unveiling of bust of Macdonald in St. Paul's Cathedral, 332-333. Bib.: Who's Who.
Rosée, Jean. Ch Director of Company of New France, 170; agent of Company of New France, 244.