Stikine River. Rises in northern British Columbia and flows into the Pacific, through Alaskan territory, after a course of 335 miles. The name is a corruption of the Thlinkit word sta-hane, meaning "the river." The mouth of the river was visited by Captain Cleveland in 1799. The Russians built Fort Dionysius there, in 1834, on the site of the present town of Wrangell. Three years later, the post was acquired by the Hudson's Bay Company, and renamed Fort Stikine. The upper waters of the river were visited by J. McLeod, of the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1834. The river was explored in 1863 by Lieutenant Pereleshin, of the Russian navy; and in 1866-1867 by the surveyors of the Western Union Telegraph Company. Index: D Attempt to establish Hudson's Bay Company fort there in 1834 frustrated by Russians, 119-120; Russians hand over their fort at mouth of river to Hudson's Bay Company, 121. Bib.: Blake, Geographical Notes upon Russian America and the Stickeen River; Dawson, Report on Yukon District (Geol. Survey Report, 1887-1888).
Stills. S Taxes imposed upon, by Legislature of Upper Canada, 92.
Stirling, Sir William Alexander, Earl of (1567?-1640). King James gave him a patent, September, 1621, to the territory now embracing the provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and the Gaspé peninsula. To further the colonization of his huge domain, Alexander instituted the baronetcy of New Scotland, or Nova Scotia. In 1628 the first colonists were landed at Port Royal. Index: Ch Equips vessel to operate against French colonies, 176; grant to, of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, etc., 223. See Baronets of Nova Scotia. Bib.: Biggar, Early Trading Companies of New France; Rogers, The Earl of Stirling's Register of Royal Letters Relative to the Affairs of Scotland and Nova Scotia; Alexander, An Encouragement to Colonies in Laing, Royal Letters Relating to Colonization of New Scotland; Patterson, Sir William Alexander (R.S.C., 1892); Kirke, The First English Conquest of Canada.
Stisted, Sir Henry William. Educated at Sandhurst and entered the army as ensign, 1835. Served through the Persian War and the Indian Mutiny. Made major-general, 1864, and divisional commander of the troops in Upper Canada, 1866. Appointed first lieutenant-governor of Ontario, 1867; held office until July 14, 1868. Returned to England; knighted, 1871. Died in England, 1875. Bib.: Read, Lieutenant-Governors of Upper Canada.
Stobo, Robert. WM Former hostage with French, acts as guide to Carleton above Quebec, 124; said to have pointed out Le Foulon to Wolfe, 168.
Stoney Creek, Battle of. Took place on June 5, 1813, when the American troops, under Generals Chandler and Minder, were defeated by the British forces under Colonel (afterwards General) Harvey. The defeat was decisive, the two American generals being captured. It was a turning-point in the Niagara campaign. Bib.: Lucas, Canadian War of 1812; Richardson, War of 1812; Brymner, Battle of Stoney Creek. See also War of 1812.
Stopford, Major. Dr Commands force at Chambly, 93.
Strachan, John (1778-1867). Born in Aberdeen, Scotland. Graduated at King's College, Aberdeen, 1796. Came to Canada, 1799, and opened a school at Kingston. Ordained deacon, 1803, and priest, 1804. Became rector of York, 1812; archdeacon, 1827; and bishop of Toronto, 1839. Appointed to the Executive Council, 1815; and to the Legislative Council, 1818; remained a member of the former until 1836, and of the Legislative Council until 1841. Index: R Comes to Canada, 1799, to inaugurate educational policy, 36; his character, 37; takes orders in Church of England, and appointed rector of York, 37; called to Executive Council, 37, 46; his ambitious plans, 38; becomes archdeacon of York, 1827, 46; his commanding influence, 46; asserts pretensions of Church of England, 49; proposes sale of Clergy Reserves, 50; his sermon, 1826, 50-51, 63; his educational policy, 52; chairman of Board of Education, 58; asks legislative aid for theological students, 59; development of his policy, and of opposition to it, 61-63; outlines his views in sermon on death of bishop of Quebec, 67; visits England, 72; has bill introduced in Imperial Parliament for sale of portion of Reserves, 72; secures charter of King's College, 72-73; becomes first president, 73; his letter to Horton on church establishment in Upper Canada, 72; his ecclesiastical chart, 74; counter chart prepared by Dr. Lee, 75; evidence laid before parliamentary committee, 75; his speech before Legislative Council, 1828, 75-76; Ryerson's reply, 76-79; his fight for denominational schools, 243. S His arrival in Canada, 170; becomes bishop, 171. Sy Bishop of Toronto, his opposition to Sydenham's Clergy Reserves Bill, 247. B Denounces bill for secularization of King's College, 8; his environment, 260. BL Head of Home District Grammar School, 25, 106; Robert Baldwin one of his pupils, 25; and King's College, 192-193; leads opposition to Baldwin's University Bill, 195, 196; referred to by George Brown, 224; leads agitation against Baldwin's University Bill, 295; raises funds for an Anglican ministry, 295-296. E Secures charter for King's College, 93; deeply incensed at secularization of King's College, 94; his mistaken policy, 94-95; establishes Trinity College, 95; his uncompromising attitude in settlement of Clergy Reserves, 150; induces Sir John Colborne to create and endow forty-four rectories, 154; his report on this question, 156; dominant influence in Legislative Council, 157; opposes division of the Reserves, 159, 160; his final discomfiture, 169. Mc Proposes provincial university, 95. Md First bishop of Toronto, opposes secularization of King's College, 29-30; also opposes secularization of Clergy Reserves, 59. W His charter for King's College, Upper Canada, 51. Bib.: Dict. Nat. Biog.; Rose, Cyc. Can. Biog.; Dent, Can. Por.; Bethune, Memoir of Bishop Strachan; Mockridge, The Bishops of the Church of England in Canada and Newfoundland.
Strathcona and Mount Royal, Donald Alexander Smith, Baron (1820- ). Born in Archieston, Morayshire, Scotland. Entered the service of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1838, and spent thirteen years at various trading-posts on the Labrador coast. Moved to the North-West, becoming chief factor, 1862; and afterwards resident governor and chief commissioner. Appointed by the Dominion government, in 1869, special commissioner to investigate the Riel Rebellion. Member of first Executive Council of the North-West Territories, 1870; represented Winnipeg in Manitoba Legislature, 1871-1874; elected for Selkirk to Dominion House, 1871, 1872, 1874, 1878; and represented West Montreal, 1887-1896. Appointed high commissioner for Canada in London, 1896. Knighted, 1886, and in 1897 raised to the peerage. Index: D Dugald McTavish succeeds, at Montreal, 1870, 265; drives last spike of Canadian Pacific Railway, Nov. 7, 1885, 326. MS Serves under Sir George Simpson in Hudson's Bay Company, 228; chief factor (1861), 228; serves in Labrador, 228. Md Takes part in debate on Pacific Scandal, 210; feels that the future of the West depends on Macdonald's return to power, 236; public spirit shown by, in building of the Canadian Pacific Railway, 237. Bib.: Willson, Lord Strathcona; Morgan, Can. Men; Who's Who. See also Riel Rebellion, 1869-1870.
Street, George F. W Solicitor-general of Brunswick, 34.