([St. XVIII.]) So in the Ballad of the Lochmaben Harper in the "Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border,"

And aye he harped, and aye he carped,
Till à the nobles were fast asleep.

([St. XIX.]) "As now," says von der Hagen, "at the entrance of many old buildings, particularly churches, a tower stands, containing the stairs which lead directly to the upper story."

([St. XXI.]) This stanza, which is only found in the Lassberg and two other manuscripts, seems to have been inserted, like several others, in order to soften the ferocious character attributed to Kriemhild in the latter part of the poem.

THIRTY-FIRST ADVENTURE

([St. I.]) The whole of this Thirty-first Adventure is supposed by Lachmann to be an addition to the foregoing. His reasons are anything but conclusive.

([St. X.]) According to von der Hagen the shields were high enough for the bearer to lean upon them, and pointed below, so that they might be firmly fixed in the ground. They thus, I presume, in some degree protected the owners, even while the latter were resting.

([St. XII.]) The dust was raised by the horses, as the Huns seem to have ridden from the palace.

([St. XXIII.]) "The kings" here, as mostly elsewhere, are the three Burgundian brothers.