[20] Now manager or subdelegate of the public treasury. [↑]
[21] See Wm. B. Freer’s Philippine Experiences of an American Teacher, chapter viii, pp. 97–109, for an account of methods used in normal instruction after American occupation. [↑]
[22] Those pupils styled throughout this translation “regular” or in Spanish de numero, are those appointed directly by the government, the “de numero” (of the number) indicating that a certain number were thus appointed. The supernumerary (literally, “above the number”) resident pupils are all others. [↑]
[23] The clothing recommended by a sub-commission of the superior commission of primary instruction, November 24, 1864, (Grifol y Aliaga, p. 20), for regular and supernumerary resident pupils of the Manila normal school, was as follows:
| Estimatedprice | |||
| pesosfuertes | centavos | ||
| 2 | pairs of white pantaloons, | 3 | 0 |
| 2 | pairs of colored pantaloons, | 3 | 0 |
| 2 | white jackets, | 2 | 0 |
| 1 | coat of black alpaca, | 2 | 50 |
| 2 | black ribbons for the neck, | 0 | 25 |
| 1 | black cap, with the initials E. N. in silver, according tomodel, | 2 | 0 |
| 2 | pairs of shoes, | 2 | 0 |
| 1 | pair of chinelas [i.e., heelless slipper], | 0 | 50 |
| 10 | white shirts, | 10 | 0 |
| 2 | colored shirts, | 1 | 50 |
| 12 | pocket handkerchiefs, | 1 | 0 |
| 12 | pairs of socks, | 1 | 0 |
| 4 | pairs of underdrawers, | 1 | 25 |
| 1 | mat, | 0 | 50 |
| 1 | pillow, | 0 | 75 |
| 4 | pillow-cases, | 0 | 75 |
| 4 | sheets, | 6 | 0 |
| 2 | bed covers, | 2 | 0 |
| Clothesbrush, comb, scissors, etc., | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 40 | 0 | |
[24] i.e., All-Souls’ day. [↑]
[25] The three days preceding Lent. [↑]
[26] The United States government continued this school, and gave it the support ($8,880, Mexican) formerly furnished by the Spanish government. See Report of Philippine Commission, 1900, i, p. 36. [↑]
[27] May 21, 1840, Governor Lardizábal communicated to the Audiencia a royal order of October 4, 1839, in regard to the necessary conditions to be observed for the introduction and circulation of books in the islands, the previous designation of those deserving censure, given by his Majesty’s fiscal, a censor being later appointed by the government, and another by the archbishop, the fiscal again reviewing the qualification and the censure; and if “it should result that there was sufficient grounds to prohibit the circulation of any work, because it contains principles, maxims, and doctrines contrary to the rights of the legitimate throne, or to the religion of the State, the book is not only to be taken back, but shipped back immediately.” In case of dispute between the two censors, the fiscal was to decide (royal order, November 19, 1840). See Montero y Vidal, iii, pp. 29, 30. [↑]