THE events marked † are those about which the record does not appear sufficiently explicit to make the year certain. It is occasionally difficult to decide whether the circumstance narrated took place near the close of one year or in the commencement of the next.

The four dates marked thus ** are based upon the supposition that Zeniff re-occupied the land of Nephi B. C. 200. This may not be the exact year, but it is approximate.

The three dates marked thus * are based upon the idea that the "young man," Alma, was twenty-five years old when Abinadi was martyred.

The Book of Mormon appears to furnish no clue to the date of Lehi's colony landing in South America. It is supposed to have been about twelve years after its departure from Jerusalem.

B. C. signifies before the birth of Christ; A. C. after Christ; N. A. signifies Nephite Annals, or years after the departure of Lehi from Jerusalem; Y. J. years of the Judges, or of the Republic.

B.C.N.A.Y.J.
Lehi and colony leave Jerusalem, and journey to the valley of Lemuel, by the Red Sea. The sons of Lehi return to Jerusalem and obtain the sacred records.6001
Lehi and colony reach the land Bountiful, in Arabia, where Nephi commences to build a ship.5929
Mulek, son of king Zedekiah, with a colony, leaves Jerusalem. Lehi and his colony reach South America.59011
A temple built, Jacob and Joseph consecrated priests, etc., before57130
Wars and contentions between the Nephites and Lamanites, during ten years previous to56140
Nephi transfers the records to Jacob. The book of Jacob opens56140
Jacob, having given the records to his son Enos, the latter transfers them to his son Jarom. Many wars between the Nephites and Lamanites during the days of Enos.421180
The Nephites have increased and scattered much over the land; they strictly observe the law of Moses and are prospered. The Lamanites, much more numerous than the Nephites, often invade the Nephite lands.401200
Jarom transfers the records to Omni. Many wars and contentions during Jarom's days.362239
Omni has frequent wars with the Lamanites.324277
The more wicked part of the Nephites destroyed. Amaron transfers the records to Chemish. 280321
**About this date Zeniff leaves Zarahemla to reoccupy the land of Nephi. He makes a treaty with king Laman, and obtains the lands Lehi-Nephi and Shemlon.200401
**The Lamanites make war with the people of Zeniff, but are repulsed with a loss of 3043 men.183418
Alma, the elder, born in the land of Nephi.173428
**King Laman having died, his son attacks the people of Zeniff, but is driven back.161440
*Zeniff confers the kingdom on his son Noah.160441
Mosiah II. born in the land of Zarahemla.154447
*The prophet Abinadi appears in the land of Nephi, and reproves Noah and his subjects for their iniquities.150451
*Abinadi again appears, prophesies, and is martyred.148453
*Alma establishes a Christian Church at the waters of Mormon, and afterwards, because of king Noah's persecutions, removes with his people to Helam.147454
First Christian Church established in Zarahemla by king Benjamin, who also consecrates his son Mosiah king.125476
A company sent by Limhi, son of Noah, to find Zarahemla, wander into the north country and discover numerous relics of the Jaredites.123478
King Benjamin dies. A company under Ammon start from Zarahemla to find their brethren in the land of Nephi. They succeed, help them to escape from the Lamanites, and bring them safely to Zarahemla.122479
Moroni, commander-in-chief of the Nephite armies, born.99502
Alma, the elder, dies, aged eighty-two. Mosiah II. dies, aged sixty-three. Alma, the younger, elected Chief Judge of the Republic. The sons of Mosiah, with other Elders, start on a mission to the Lamanites in the land of Nephi. Priestcraft first introduced among the Nephites by Nehor. Nehor slays the aged patriarch, Gideon; is tried, condemned and executed. †King Lamoni and his household converted by Ammon.915101
Priestcraft spreads among the Nephites; pride and contention develop in the church. †A church established by Ammon in the land of Ishmael.905112
Continued peace among the Nephites, notwithstanding persecution and increased wickedness.895123
Amlici, a disciple of Nehor, desires to be king and to destroy the true church; his pretensions are rejected by the voice of the people; he raises a rebellion, and is consecrated king. Amlici's forces are defeated by the Nephites under Alma, at the hill Amnihu. The Lamanites invade Zarahemla, are joined by the Amlicites; the united armies are defeated by Alma, on the west bank of the Sidon. Another invading Lamanite army is defeated on the east of the Sidon, and driven back to their own lands. Peace restored. Aaron and other missionaries imprisoned by the Lamanites in Middoni.875145
The Nephites, because of their afflictions, are humbled; many are baptized. †Ammon and Lamoni proceed to Middoni, to release Aaron and his brethren; they meet Lamoni's father; he attempts to slay Ammon. †Antiomno, king of Middoni, releases the captives.865156
3500 Nephites baptized into the church. Great peace and prosperity among them. †Lamoni's father, king of all the Lamanites, baptized. He issues a proclamation in favor of the Nephite missionaries.855167
Pride increasing in the Nephite church causes envyings, malice, strife and persecutions.845178
Alma, on account of increasing iniquity, resigns the chief-judgeship, and nominates Nephihah as his successor, who is accepted by the voice of the people. Alma devotes himself entirely to the work of the ministry. He sets in order the churches in Zarahemla and Gideon.835189
Alma, as presiding High Priest, visits and administers to the people in Melek and Ammonihah. Amulek visited by an angel; he receives Alma into his house. They preach to the people of Ammonihah; are imprisoned and abused. Zeezrom, the lawyer, converted; afterwards healed of a fever and baptized. Those who accept the gospel are cast out of Ammonihah, while others, men, women and children, are martyred by fire. Alma and Amulek delivered, by the power of God, from prison; the prison is destroyed, and with it their persecutors. Massacre of 1005 believing Lamanites.8251910
The Lamanites, as foretold by Alma, destroy Ammonihah, with all its people, but are afterwards disastrously defeated by Zoram.8152011
The church greatly increases during this and two following years.8052112
†Second massacre of the people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi.7952213
†The people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi arrive in the land of Zarahemla.7852314
The people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi established in the land of Jershon. The Lamanites pursue the Ammonites; are defeated by the Nephites with great slaughter.7752415
Korihor, the anti-Christ, struck dumb, and afterwards killed in a city of the Zoramites. Alma and others proceed to Antionum and minister among the Zoramite dissenters; the majority reject their words, and afterwards cast out their believing brethren. The latter flee to the land of Jershon, while the unrepentant ally themselves with the Lamanites and prepare for war.7552617
The Ammonites remove to Melek. The Zoramites become Lamanites; the united armies occupy Antionum and attempt to invade Manti. They are defeated by Moroni and Lehi near the hill Riplah. The Lamanites make a covenant of peace and return to their own lands. The record of Alma closes.7452718
Alma transfers the records to his son Helaman; leaves Zarahemla, as if to go to Melek, and is never heard of more. Dissensions arise in the church; the dissenters endeavor to make Amalickiah king. Moroni rears the "Title of Liberty," the people rally thereto, and Amalickiah retreats into the wilderness; the greater portion of his followers are slain; he escapes to the Lamanites, rises in power, poisons General Lehonti, kills the king, marries the queen, and is proclaimed king. Moroni fortifies the Nephite cities. The Lamanites invade Ammonihah and Noah; are repulsed with great loss and return home to their own lands.7352819
Moroni commences his line of defense along the southern line of the Nephite possessions. The Lamanites driven out of the east wilderness. The foundations laid of Moroni, Lehi, Nephihah, and other cities.7252920
Never was a happier time among the people of Nephi.7153021
Contention between the people of the cities of Morianton and Lehi. The former flee northward; their flight arrested by Teancum, who defeats and slays their leader. The difficulty is settled, and both people return to their own possessions. Nephihah, the second chief judge, dies; his son, Pahoran, succeeds him.6853324
Great contentions between the "king men" and "free men." The people decide in favor of the continuance of the republic, upon which the monarchists revolt; they refuse to take up arms against the invading Lamanites, but are defeated by Moroni, 4000 slain, and the rest cast into prison. Amalickiah captures the Nephite cities of Moroni, Nephihah, Lehi, Gid, Morianton, Omner, Mulek, etc., on the Atlantic coast. He is defeated by Teancum. Teancum enters the Lamanite camp at night and slays Amalickiah.6753425
The Lamanites retreat into Mulek. Ammaron, brother of Amalickiah succeeds him as their king, and takes command of their armies on the Pacific Coast. Moroni visits the Nephite forces in the south-west. Teancum fortifies the land Bountiful and the Isthmus of Panama. The Ammonites desire to assist in the war, but because of their oath are not permitted; but 2000 of their sons, under Helaman, join the Nephite armies in the south-west, where they find that the Lamanites have captured the cities of Manti, Zeezrom, Cumeni and Antiparah.6653526
Moroni re-enforces Teancum in Bountiful. The Nephite forces in the south-west finish fortifying the city of Judea. †Tremendous battle in the wilderness north of Judea; the Lamanites defeated, but Antipus, the Nephite commander, is slain.6553627
Mulek recaptured by Moroni, Lehi and Teancum. Jacob, the Lamanite general, killed. Lehi placed in command at Mulek. The Lamanite prisoners compelled to dig a ditch around and fortify the city Bountiful. The city of Antiparah vacated by the Lamanites and re-occupied by the Nephites.6453728
Pachus revolts and endeavors to establish a monarchy. Moroni recaptures Gid, and releases large numbers of Nephite prisoners. Six thousand men, from Zarahemla, join the Nephite armies in the south-west. The Lamanites surrender Cumeni. The Nephites drive the Lamanites eastward to the land of Manti. They are afterwards driven out of that region by Helaman. Helaman writes an epistle to Moroni, complaining of want of reinforcements.6353829
Pachus drives the chief judge out of Zarahemla; he seeks safety in Gideon. Pachus opens a treasonable correspondence with the Lamanites. Moroni, having received Helaman's epistle, writes twice to Pahoran; on receiving the latter's reply, he gathers up troops and goes to his aid. The united forces of Moroni and Pahoran defeat Pachus, who is slain, and the rebellion is put down. The Lamanite troops, driven out of the south-west, capture the city of Nephihah.6253930
Provisions and 6000 men sent to the relief of Helaman; the same to the commanders in the east. A battle fought on the road between Zarahemla and Nephihah. 4000 Lamanite prisoners make a covenant of peace, and are sent to join the Ammonites. Nephihah surprised and captured by Moroni. Lehi and several other cities on the Atlantic coast recaptured by the Nephites. Teancum slays Ammoron in the city of Moroni, and is himself slain by Ammoron's servants. The city is captured by the Nephites, and the Lamanites are driven to their own lands.6154031
Moroni fortifies the southern border of the Nephites, and transfers the command of his forces to his son Moronihah. Helaman and his fellow-laborers re-establish the church; great humility of its members.6054132
The Nephites begin to recover from the demoralization and disorganization incident to the protracted war.5954233
Helaman dies. †Shiblon takes charge of the sacred plates.5754435
Moroni dies, aged 43.5654536
Five thousand four hundred Nephites, with their families, leave Zarahemla to colonize the north country. Hagoth establishes ship-building yards on the pacific side of the Isthmus.5554637
Large migration northward. Two of Hagoth's ships never again seen after leaving port.5455738
Shiblon dies; the sacred records, etc., transferred to Helaman, the younger. Some Nephites dissent and go over to the Lamanites; the latter invade Zarahemla, but are driven out by Moronihah. Pahoran dies. The Book of Alma closes.5354839
The Book of Helaman opens. Tubaloth king of the Lamanites. Three of Pahoran's sons contend for the judgment seat. The people choose Pahoran, the younger. His brother Paanchi rebels, for which he is condemned and executed. One of his adherents, Kishkumen, assassinates Pahoran. Pacumeni chosen chief judge. The Gadianton bands organized.5254940
The Lamanites, under Coriantumr, invade Zarahemla, capture the city, slay Pacumeni, and advance northward. Later the Nephites, under Moronihah and Lehi, destroy the invading army. Coriantumr slain.5155041
Helaman elected chief judge; Kishkumen attempts to assassinate him, but is himself slain. Gadianton and his band flee into the wilderness.5055142
Much contention among the Nephites. Many emigrate north, as far as the great lakes.4655546
Great contentions. Helaman fills the judgment seat with justice and equity.4555647
The contentions measurably cease; the church is greatly prospered; tens of thousands baptized. The Gadianton robbers secretly increase in the more thickly settled portions of the land.4355849
Pride increases: the more humble members of the church persecuted.4156051
Helaman dies; his son Nephi chosen chief judge.3956253
Contentions and bloodshed among the Nephites; the rebellious affiliate with the Lamanites.3856354
More dissenters go over to the Lamanites, who are all the year preparing for war.3656556
The Lamanites invade Zarahemla; the Nephites, owing to their dissensions and wickedness, are everywhere driven before them.3556657
The Lamanites overrun all the Nephite possessions as far as Bountiful. The Nephites fortify the Isthmus.3456758
The Lamanites obtain possession of all South America.3356859
Moronihah reconquers the most northern portions of South America.3256960
The Nephites regain about half their possessions, Zarahemla remaining in the hands of the Lamanites. Under the preaching of Nephi, and others, the Nephites commence to repent.3157061
No more Nephite successes on account of their lack of faith. Nephi delivers up the judgment seat to Cezoram. Nephi and Lehi, having preached to the Nephites, go over to the Lamanites in Zarahemla; 8000 of that people are baptized. They then proceed to the land of Nephi, where they are imprisoned, but delivered by marvelous manifestations from heaven. The voice of the Lord is heard by those assembled at the prison, and they are surrounded by fire. The greater part of the Lamanites are converted and they surrender all the lands they had taken from the Nephites.3057162
The Lamanites exceed the Nephites in righteousness; their missionaries preach in Zarahemla and the land northward; Nephi and Lehi also go north. Universal peace prevails throughout the continent, and Nephites and Lamanites travel, unrestrictedly in all parts.2957263
An era of great prosperity. Much preaching and prophecy by the servants of God.2757465
Chief Judge Cezoram slain by a Gadianton robber; his son and successor suffers the same fate.2657566
The Nephites again growing exceedingly wicked, the greater part unite with the Gadianton robbers; they also build up to themselves idols of gold and silver.2557667
The Lamanites grow in righteousness, while the Nephites increase in iniquity. The Gadianton bands are utterly destroyed from among the Lamanites, but are so greatly encouraged by the Nephites that they obtain sole management of the government.2457768
Chief Judge Seezoram assassinated by his brother, Seantum. Nephi, rejected in the north, returns to Zarahemla; he notifies the people of the murder of Seezoram, is arrested as an accessory, but afterwards released. The Lord makes a covenant with him, and directs him to continue his ministrations.2357869
Nephi, preserved by the miraculous power of God, preaches from land to land.2257970
Division, even to bloodshed, prevails among the Nephites.2158071
Contentions and wars throughout all the land.2058172
The internal wars, originating with the Gadianton robbers, still continue. To stay the bloodshed, Nephi prays for a famine; his prayer is answered.1958273
The famine continues and spreads.1858374
The whole land, both among the Nephites and Lamanites, smitten with the famine: thousands die of hunger and pestilence. The people, in their extremity repent; they exterminate the Gadianton bands.1758475
The Lord sends rain; and the earth brings forth abundantly. Nephi is reverenced as a servant of God by all the people.1658576
The people rapidly increase; the major part of both peoples belong to the church.1558677
Slight contentions on doctrinal questions.1458778
The controversies increase; Nephi and Lehi receive many revelations and put an end to the disputes.1358879
Dissenters search out the ancient abominations, re-establish the Gadianton bands and commence war.1258980
The robbers grow strong; defy the armies of the Nephites and Lamanites; commit depredations and carry off many prisoners. Great loss of life on both sides.1159081
The Nephites again begin to forget the Lord. The Lamanites remain faithful.1059182
The people wax strong in iniquity.959283
The people do not mend their ways.859384
The people grow in wickedness and ripen for destruction.759485
Samuel, the Lamanite, prophecies on the walls of Zarahemla; some attempt to kill him, others believe. The latter seek Nephi and are baptized. Samuel escapes to his own land. Nephi performs many miracles.659586
The greater portion of the people remain in their pride and wickedness, the lesser portion walking more circumspectly before God.559687
The people grow more hardened.359889
The words of the prophets begin to be fulfilled; signs and wonders appear, betokening the coming of the Savior; angels are seen by many; yet the people still harden their hearts. The Book of Helaman closes.259990
The Third Book of Nephi opens. Nephi departs out of the land, and is never again seen. Lachoneus, chief judge and governor.160091
A.C.
The promised signs of the Redeemer's birth appear, to the joy of believers. The two days and one night of constant light; a new star appears. The majority of the people join the church. The Nephites reckon their time from the Messiah's advent.160192
The Gadianton robbers commit many murders; the people not strong enough to overpower them.2602
Dissensions increase, owing to many joining the robber bands, especially among the young.3603
Wickedness and unbelief greatly increase.4604
Evil continues to gain strength to this time. Gadianton bands grow so numerous that both Nephites and Lamanites take up arms against them.13613
The robbers driven into their secret fastnesses in the mountains and the wilderness.14614
Owing to dissensions, the robbers gain many advantages.15615
Giddianhi, the robber chief, writes an epistle to Lachoneus, calling upon the Nephites to surrender. Gidgiddoni chosen commander of the Nephite forces. Lachoneus decides to gather all the Nephites from both continents into the lands of Zarahemla and Bountiful, and fortify against the attacks of the robbers.16616
The people, with all their movable substance and seven years' provisions, gather at the appointed place.17617
In the latter part of the year the robbers leave their hiding places and occupy the lands deserted by the people.18618
The robbers, under Giddianhi, attack the Nephites. The slaughter more terrible than in any previous battle among the children of Lehi; Giddianhi is slain, the robbers are defeated and pursued to the wilderness.19619
The robbers do not venture to again attack the Nephites. Zemnarihah made chief of the robber bands.20620
The robbers surround and ineffectually besiege the Nephites, who make many sorties and slay tens of thousands of them; the robbers attempt to concentrate in the north but are cut off, their armies destroyed, and thousands taken prisoners; among whom is Zemnarihah, who is afterwards hanged. The Nephites greatly rejoice in their marvelous deliverance.21621
All the Nephites believe the words of the prophets; righteousness prevails. They preach to their prisoners; all who make a covenant to murder no more are released, those who refuse are punished according to the law.22622
The Nephites all return to their own lands on both continents.26626
The laws revised according to justice and equity; great order throughout the land.27627
Many new cities built and old ones repaired; numerous other improvements made.28628
Disputings and contentions re-commence; pride and other evils increase.29629
Lachoneus, the younger, governor. The church broken up, except among a few Lamanites. Many prophets testify and are persecuted; some are executed contrary to law. The officers committing these crimes, on being called to account, rebel and seek to establish a monarchy, with Jacob as king. The chief judge is slain, and the ancient iniquitous combination re-introduced. The Nephite Republic is broken up, and the people divided into numerous tribes. Jacob leads his band into the northernmost part of the land.30630
The various tribes more fully regulated. Nephi performs many miracles; among others, raises his brother Timothy from the dead. But few are converted.31631
Nephi continues his preaching and ministry; a few accept his message.32632
Many join the church.33633
On the fourth day of the new year the signs of Christ's crucifixion commence. An unparalleled storm rages for three hours, convulsing the land and destroying many cities. It is followed by three days' darkness. The voice of the Lord is heard proclaiming the destruction that had happened. Jesus appears to the people in the land Bountiful. He preaches his gospel, performs many mighty works, and chooses twelve disciples. Nephi, the son of Nephi, takes the records.34634
All the people are converted, and the church becomes universal. The believers have all things in common.36636
The disciples of Jesus work many wonderful miracles.37637
The people again becoming numerous. Zarahemla and other cities rebuilt.59659
All the original twelve disciples, except the three who were to tarry, have died by this date.100700
The first generation in Christ have passed away. Nephi dies, and his son Amos takes charge of the records.110710
Amos dies. In his days a few apostatize and become Lamanites. His son Amos takes charge of the records.194794
All the second generation have passed away, except a few.200800
Pride appears in the church; its members have their goods no more in common, and sects arise.201801
Many churches established opposed to the true church.210810
The wicked increase; the disciples and saints persecuted. The three Nephites perform many miracles, from the last date to230830
The people divided into Nephites and Lamanites.231831
The more wicked portion of the people have grown much the stronger.244844
The wicked build up many expensive churches to their false faiths.250850
The members of the true church, or Nephites, begin to grow proud and sinful. The Gadianton iniquities are again developed.260860
Both Nephites and Lamanites have grown very wicked; none are righteous except the three disciples. The Gadianton robbers have spread over all the land.300900
Amos transfers the records to his brother Ammaron, and dies.306906
Mormon born.311911
Ammaron hides up the records in the hill Shim.321921
Mormon, the father of Mormon, takes his son to Zarahemla. War commences between the Nephites and Lamanites; a number of battles fought in which the Nephites prevail. Mormon's record opens.322922
The three Nephites cease to minister among the people, because of their iniquities. Things hidden in the earth become slippery. Mormon endeavors to preach, but his mouth is shut. War recommences, and Mormon is chosen general of the Nephites.326926
The Nephites retreat before the Lamanites to the north countries. The Lamanites capture Angola.327927
†The Lamanites drive the Nephites out of the land of David into the land of Joshua.328928
†Revolution and carnage throughout all the land. The Nephite warriors gather for battle into one place.329929
The Lamanite king, Aaron, defeated by Mormon.330930
Great sorrow among the Nephites, because of their pitiable condition.331931
Mormon obtains the plates, as Ammaron directed.335935
Wars, with much slaughter, until344944
The Lamanites drive the Nephites to the land of Jashon, thence northward to the land of Shem. The Nephites fortify the city of Shem.345945
Mormon, with 30,000 Nephites, defeats 50,000 Lamanites in the land of Shem; he pursues and again defeats the enemy.346946
The Nephites regain the lands of their inheritance by the end of the year349949
The Nephites as one party, and the Lamanites and Gadiantons as the other, make a treaty, by which the Nephites possess the country north of the Isthmus, and the Lamanites that south of it. Ten years' peace follows.350950
By the command of the Lord, Mormon preaches repentance, but the Nephites harden their hearts, during the ten years ending360960
The Lamanite king declares war; the Nephites gather at the land Desolation.360960
The Lamanites march to Desolation, are defeated and return home.361961
The Lamanites make another invasion and are defeated. Mormon refuses to lead the Nephites any longer.362962
The Nephites invade South America, and are driven back. The Lamanites capture the city of Desolation.363963
The Lamanites besiege Teancum, are repulsed, and the Nephites recapture Desolation.364964
The Lamanites re-commence war; they capture the cities of Desolation and Teancum, but are afterwards driven entirely out of the lands of the Nephites.367967
The Lamanites again commence war. A fierce battle is fought in the land Desolation. The Lamanites capture Desolation, Boaz and other cities. Mormon takes up all the records from the hill Shim.375975
Mormon resumes command of the Nephites, the Lamanites twice attack the city of Jordon, and are repulsed. They burn many Nephite towns.379979
The Nephites disastrously routed.380980
†Mormon writes to the Lamanite king, asking to be allowed to gather all his people to the hill Cumorah, and there give battle. His request is granted.382982
At the end of this year all the Nephites are gathered at the hill Cumorah.384984
Mormon hides all the records in Cumorah, save the abridged ones, which he gives to Moroni. The final battle, in which all but twenty-four Nephites are killed, and a few who escape to the south. Mormon closes his record.385985
Moroni records the death of his father and the extinction of his people, also the Lamanites are at war with each other all over the land.4001000
Moroni closes his record.4211021

APPENDIX.

THE COMING FORTH OF THE BOOK OF MORMON IN THE LATTER DAYS.