“What is the rule by which you guide yourself in determining whether animals shall be rendered insensible to pain or not?—When the mode of rendering them insensible to pain would interfere with the due result being obtained from the experiment, we do not so render them. Is that any large proportion of the experiments?—I should say a considerable proportion. Would it be more than half the experiments?—I should have a difficulty in saying how many, but I should think about half the experiments that I have done.”—Ibid., 2841-3.
“Where did you study physiology yourself?—I studied it in Berlin chiefly. I had to go there to have a whole course of experiments performed for my special benefit; there was a great expenditure of time and teaching power, and also of animals, to teach me alone.”—Ibid., Q. 2867.
Sanderson, John Burdon, Physiol. Lab. Univ. Mus. Oxford, M.D. Edin., 1851; F.R.C.P. Lond., 1863, M. (Exam.) 1855 (Edin.); LL.D., F.R.S.; Fell. Roy. Med. Chir. Soc.; late Jodrell Prof. of Physiol., Univ. College; Waynflete Prof. of Physiol., Oxford; late Phys. Consump. Hosp. Brompton; Asst. Phys. and Lect. Middlesex Hosp.; Mem. Assoc. for Advancement of Medicine by Research.
Author of Various Papers and Reports. Editor of “Handbook for the Physiological Laboratory,” 1872.
Held a License for Vivisection at the Brown Institution, and University College, London; also unrestricted as to place in 1878-79-80-81-82-83. Certificates for Illustrations of Lectures and for Experiments without Anæsthetics in 1878 and 1882. Certificates for Illustrations of Lectures in 1879-80-81-83.
“For this purpose (to produce asphyxia) a cannula must be fixed air tight in the trachea.… The phenomena as they present themselves in the dog, may be enumerated as follows:—First minute—Excessive respiratory movements.… Towards the close of the first minute the animal becomes convulsed.… Second minute.… The iris is now dilated to a rim, the eye does not close when the cornea is touched, nor does the pupil react to light; all reflex action to stimuli has ceased.… Third and fourth minutes.—As death approaches, the thoracic and abdominal movements, which are entirely inspiratory, become slower and slower as well as shallower.… In these spasms which accompany the final gasps of an asphyxiated animal, the head is thrown back, the trunk straightened or arched backwards, and the limbs are extended, while the mouth gapes and the nostrils dilate.”—Handbook for the Physiological Laboratory, p. 320.
“In a curarised rabbit, in which artificial respiration is maintained in the usual way, an incision is made in the middle line, extending from the upper third of the sternum to the upper end of the trachea. The external jugular vein of one side is then brought into view, tied in two places, and divided between ligatures.… Both ganglia having been thus prepared with as little loss of time as possible, the sympathetic and vagus nerves are divided, and the medulla oblongata (spinal cord) is then divided.”—Ibid., p. 278.
“Fix the point of the chisel in the middle line of the skull (of a rabbit) just behind the protuberance, and bore through the bone, moving the handle of the instrument from side to side in order to assist its passage, but not pressing with too great force. When the skull has been penetrated, push the chisel downwards and forwards through the cerebellum.… In half-an-hour or an hour afterwards test for sugar.”—Ibid., p. 515.
“The bile in guinea-pigs is secreted in very large quantities.… When the bile-duct is tied the guinea-pigs die in less than twenty-four hours; but when it is not tied they will live for a week.”—Ibid., p. 505.
Savory, Wm. Scovell, 66, Brook Street, W. M.B. Lond. (Univ. Med. Schl.), 1848; F.R.C.S. Eng. (Exam.) 1852; M. 1847; F.R.S.; Mem. Comt. Exam. Roy. Coll. Surg. Eng.; Surg. and Lect. on Surg. St. Bath. Hosp.; Exam. Surg. Univ. Coll.; Surg. Christ’s Hosp.; late Prof. Comp. Anat. and Physiol. R.C.S. Eng.