“Marshall Hall reports the case of a man in whom accident had destroyed all sensation and voluntary motion, yet who drew up his legs when they were tickled, without once feeling the sensation of tickling.… This case is constantly cited, and is, indeed, very striking. It seems to have a far greater value than any experiments on animals can have, because we cannot question animals as to their sensations; we do not know whether they feel or not. We can only infer: whereas we can interrogate the human patient.”—Ibid., p. 861.
“Has performed a great many experiments (6,354), nearly all relating to the nerves, (6,365), mostly on frogs and other cold-blooded animals (6,357), and not more than a dozen rabbits and pigeons in a dozen years under anæsthetics (6,361-4).… Could not himself bear to experiment on dogs or cats (6,360, 6,379), rabbits would nearly always do instead (6,413-7).”—Digest Ev. R. Com., p. 41.
Lewin, L. M.D. Asst. at the Pharmacol. Instit., Berlin.
Author of “Untersuchungen ueber Wirkung and Verhalten des Tannins im Thierkörper.”—Virchow’s “Archiv.,” Vol. LXXXI., 1880; “Untersuchungen ueber das chemische Verhalten der Folia Uvae Ursi im Thierkörper.”—Virchow’s “Archiv.” Vol. XCII., 1883.
Made experiments on rabbits with tannin and other substances.
Leyden, Ernst Victor. B. Danzig, 1832. Studied Med. Chir., Inst. Friedrich Wilhelm, Berlin; Milit. Surg. Dusseldorf, Danzig, Gumbinnen and Königsberg; Battaillon Surg. Berlin, 1862-65; then Prof. and Direct. Med. Clin. Polyclin. Königsberg; Prof. Strasburg, 1872; succeeded Traube, Berlin, 1876; Privy Councillor in Med. affairs; Prof. Path. and Therap., Direct. Med. Clinic, Berlin.
Author of “Beiträge und Untersuchungen zur Physiologie und Pathologie des Gehirns,” Virchow’s Archiv., Vol. XXXVII., p. 519; Editor “Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Medecin.”
Inventor of an instrument which can be screwed into an opening made in the skull of dogs to facilitate the study of the movements of the then exposed brain. Injected blood of patients suffering from pneumonia into guinea-pigs.
“Nasse and Rosenthal, but especially Leyden, had, a few years ago, studied the effects of pressure and agitation on the functions of the brain mass. Leyden injected a solution of sodium chloride between the skull and dura mater. A more extended series of experimental investigations was subsequently undertaken by Dr. F. Pagenstecher. Pagenstecher injected a mixture of white wax and tallow heated to 50° C. between the skull and dura mater of dogs. As regards the sensibility of the dura mater, Leyden and Pagenstecher differ.”—Bartholow’s “Functions of the Human Brain,” Amer. Journ. of Med. Sci., April, 1874, pp. 305-306.
Lindgren, H. O. Prof. Med. Fac. Lund University.