Until within a recent period the trade of shoemaker was an active one, all boots and shoes being made by hand. At the present time, however, the old-time shoemaker, with his bench, lapstone, last and awls has almost gone out of business, except as a cobbler, mending instead of making having become his usual occupation. In his place has come the factory hand, nearly all footwear being now a product of machinery, and this of greatly varied and effective character. In this form shoemaking has become a thriving industry in New England and in some other parts of the United States. This method has greatly decreased the cost of shoes, invention having so hastened and cheapened all its processes that the number of shoes that it would take an old-time shoemaker a year to make can be turned out in a few hours by modern machinery.
Shoemaking by Machine.
The variety of inventions used in shoe factories is rather bewildering, every one of the many processes having a machine of its own, and each of these doing its work with admirable precision. We can name here only the more important of these implements.
First comes the clicking machine. This has a cutting board resembling that used by the hand workmen. Over this is a beam containing a cutting die under which the leather is passed. At every descent of the die a piece of leather is cut out of the skin of the size and shape needed for the upper leather of a shoe. Thus in an instant is done what was slowly done by a sharp knife moved around a pattern in the old method.
| In the Days of the Awl, Lapstone and Hammer | Amazeen Skiving Machine |
| Cross-Section of Goodyear Welt Shoe, Showing the Different Parts and their Relation to Each Other | Insole Tacking Machine |
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| Ideal Clicking Machine | |
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| Duplex Eyeleting Machine | Ensign Lacing Machine |
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| Rex Upper TrimmingMachine | |
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| Rex Pulling-Over Machine | Crown Tip Punching Machine |